Papilla formation, defense gene expression and HR contribute to the powdery mildew resistance of the novel wheat line L699 carrying Pm40 gene

Chang, Xiaoli; Luo, Li; Liang, Yinping; Hu, Yanling; Luo, Peigao; Gong, Guoshu; Chen, H.B.; Khaskheli, Muhammad Ibrahim; Liu, T.G.; Chen, W.Q.; Zhang, M.

doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2019.02.009

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As tween Bgt and resistant wheat (Chang et al, 2019), and APX activity and GR expression increase with the prolongation of the interaction time (7 days after inoculation) (Pál et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of powdery mildew on antioxidant enzymes of wheat grain

et al. 2021

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Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is a severe leaf disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum). To elucidate the effect of powdery mildew on cell redox homeostasis in grains, three wheat cultivars with different resistance, Xi'nong 979 (susceptible), Zhengmai 379 (moderately susceptible), and Zhengmai 103 (resistant), were inoculated with Bgt in the field, and the changes in gene transcription and activity of the antioxidant enzymes in developing grains were analysed. The results showed that the gene expression patterns and enzyme activity changes of guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), and 1‐Cys peroxiredoxin (1‐Cys Prx) were similar under powdery mildew conditions. They increased significantly at 10–20 days after anthesis (DAA) in susceptible cultivars and at 20–30 DAA in the resistant cultivar. However, they showed a significant decrease in susceptible cultivars at 20–30 DAA. The gene expression and enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) increased continuously during grain development, especially in susceptible cultivars. The results demonstrated that the antioxidant systems were induced under mild powdery mildew conditions, which was conducive to the synchronous regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, under severe powdery mildew conditions, the antioxidant systems were inhibited and the regulation of ROS was restricted, resulting in the breakdown of cell redox homeostasis. It is speculated that powdery mildew infection can inhibit the activity of some metabolic proteins (transcription factors or enzymes), change the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of grain cells, and further change the quality of wheat grains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of powdery mildew on antioxidant enzymes of wheat grain

et al. 2021

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“…The infection types were classified using a rating scale of 0 to 4 approximately 14 days after inoculation [ 63 ]. The leaves harvested at 72 h post-inoculation (hpi) were stained by the trypan blue (TPB) staining method [ 64 ], and the leaf cell death induced by the HR response was observed and photographed using bright-field microscopy (Nikon ECLIPSE80i, Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Cloning of a CC-NBS-NBS-LRR Gene as a Candidate of Pm40 by Integrated Analysis of Both the Available Transcriptional Data and Published Linkage Mapping

Yang

Zhong

Chen

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the obligate parasite Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, severely reduces wheat yields. Identifying durable and effective genes against wheat powdery mildew and further transferring them into wheat cultivars is important for finally controlling this disease in wheat production. Pm40 has been widely used in wheat breeding programs in Southwest China due to the spectrum and potentially durable resistance to powdery mildew. In the present study, a resistance test demonstrated that Pm40 is still effective against the Bgt race E20. We identified and cloned the TraesCS7B01G164000 with a total length of 4883 bp, including three exons and two introns, and encoded a protein carrying the CC-NBS-NBS-LRR domain in the Pm40-linked region flanked by two EST markers, BF478514 and BF291338, by integrating analysis of gene annotation in wheat reference genome and both sequence and expression difference in available transcriptome data. Two missense mutations were detected at positions 68 and 83 in the CC domain. The results of both cosegregation linkage analysis and qRT-PCR also suggested that TraesCS7B01G164000 was a potential candidate gene of Pm40. This study allowed us to move toward the final successfully clone and apply Pm40 in wheat resistance improvement by gene engineering.

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“…The inoculated leaves were cut off and the end of cut leaves were immersed in 0.1% ( w / v ) DAB solution (pH 3.8) for 12 h to take up and react with the DAB fully. Cell death was detected by the trypan blue (Sigma-Aldrich, Shanghai, China) [ 53 ]. Leaf segments were immersed in 1% ( w / v ) TPB solution and then boiled for 2 min to stain the necrotic cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gene is associated with strong resistance against various Bgt strains and has been widely used in Chinese wheat breeding programmes [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]. Our pfrevious studies suggested that components associated with photosynthesis, especially the PSII reaction centre, were important sites for Pm40 -mediated resistance, and some photosynthesis-related proteins, early ROS accumulation, papilla formation, and defence-related gene expression are involved in resistance [ 51 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Photosynthesis in the Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Defence Responses to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici in Wheat

Zhong

Zhang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Photosynthesis is not only a primary generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also a component of plant defence. To determine the relationships among photosynthesis, ROS, and defence responses to powdery mildew in wheat, we compared the responses of the Pm40-expressing wheat line L658 and its susceptible sister line L958 at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation (hpi) with powdery mildew via analyses of transcriptomes, cytology, antioxidant activities, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results showed that H2O2 accumulation in L658 was significantly greater than that in L958 at 6 and 48 hpi, and the enzymes activity and transcripts expression of peroxidase and catalase were suppressed in L658 compared with L958. In addition, the inhibition of photosynthesis in L658 paralleled the global downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes. Furthermore, the expression of the salicylic acid-related genes non-expressor of pathogenesis related genes 1 (NPR1), pathogenesis-related 1 (PR1), and pathogenesis-related 5 (PR5) was upregulated, while the expression of jasmonic acid- and ethylene-related genes was inhibited in L658 compared with L958. In conclusion, the downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes likely led to a decline in photosynthesis, which may be combined with the inhibition of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) to generate two stages of H2O2 accumulation. The high level of H2O2, salicylic acid and PR1 and PR5 in L658 possible initiated the hypersensitive response.

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Papilla formation, defense gene expression and HR contribute to the powdery mildew resistance of the novel wheat line L699 carrying Pm40 gene

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of powdery mildew on antioxidant enzymes of wheat grain

Effect of powdery mildew on antioxidant enzymes of wheat grain

Identification and Cloning of a CC-NBS-NBS-LRR Gene as a Candidate of Pm40 by Integrated Analysis of Both the Available Transcriptional Data and Published Linkage Mapping

Potential Role of Photosynthesis in the Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Defence Responses to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici in Wheat

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