PAR-4 and anillin regulate myosin to coordinate spindle and furrow position during asymmetric division

Pacquelet, Anne; Uhart, Perrine; Tassan, Jean‐Pierre; Michaux, Grégoire

doi:10.1083/jcb.201503006

Cited by 38 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, the first mitosis of C. elegans zygote is also characterized by asymmetric daughter cell sizes (Rose and Gonczy, 2014). Asymmetric spindle morphology contributes to cell size asymmetry together with a myosin-dependent pathway that controls cleavage furrow positioning (Cabernard et al, 2010; Knoblich, 2010; Pacquelet et al, 2015). These examples highlight that the asymmetry in daughter cell sizes can be a programmed process and does not inherently lead to cell death, as observed in klp10A RNAi GSC divisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Klp10A, a stem cell centrosome-enriched kinesin, balances asymmetries in Drosophila male germline stem cell division

Chen

Inaba

Venkei

et al. 2016

eLife

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Asymmetric stem cell division is often accompanied by stereotypical inheritance of the mother and daughter centrosomes. However, it remains unknown whether and how stem cell centrosomes are uniquely regulated and how this regulation may contribute to stem cell fate. Here we identify Klp10A, a microtubule-depolymerizing kinesin of the kinesin-13 family, as the first protein enriched in the stem cell centrosome in Drosophila male germline stem cells (GSCs). Depletion of klp10A results in abnormal elongation of the mother centrosomes in GSCs, suggesting the existence of a stem cell-specific centrosome regulation program. Concomitant with mother centrosome elongation, GSCs form asymmetric spindle, wherein the elongated mother centrosome organizes considerably larger half spindle than the other. This leads to asymmetric cell size, yielding a smaller differentiating daughter cell. We propose that klp10A functions to counteract undesirable asymmetries that may result as a by-product of achieving asymmetries essential for successful stem cell divisions.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.20977.001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Klp10A, a stem cell centrosome-enriched kinesin, balances asymmetries in Drosophila male germline stem cell division

Chen

Inaba

Venkei

et al. 2016

eLife

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show abstract

“…However, spindle-cortex crosstalk is flexible. Thus, asymmetries in the cortex can bias the site of furrow formation [100][101][102] . In addition, preexisting cortical asymmetries can mod ify the rate of anaphase elongation 101 to alter the size of daughter cells.…”

Section: Spindle Assembly Check Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling changes in cell shape to chromosome segregation

Ramkumar

Baum

2016

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol

129

132

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Animal cells undergo dramatic changes in shape, mechanics and polarity as they progress through the different stages of cell division. These changes begin at mitotic entry, with cell-substrate adhesion remodelling, assembly of a cortical actomyosin network and osmotic swelling, which together enable cells to adopt a near spherical form even when growing in a crowded tissue environment. These shape changes, which probably aid spindle assembly and positioning, are then reversed at mitotic exit to restore the interphase cell morphology. Here, we discuss the dynamics, regulation and function of these processes, and how cell shape changes and sister chromatid segregation are coupled to ensure that the daughter cells generated through division receive their fair inheritance.

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“…Par4 is a homolog of the liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and regulates myosin activity at the aPar and pPar boundary. Par4 controls myosin activity through phosphorylation of anilin, a non-muscle myosin regulator (Chartier et al, 2011b;Pacquelet et al, 2015). Par5 belongs to the family of 14-3-3 regulatory proteins, and binds and inhibits cortical localization of aPars in the posterior of the embryo (Morton et al, 2002).…”

Section: Box 2 Cell Polarity In Birth Defects and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and dynamics of cell polarity at a glance

Campanale

Sun

Montell

2017

Journal of Cell Science

179

162

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Cells exhibit morphological and molecular asymmetries that are broadly categorized as cell polarity. The cell polarity established in early embryos prefigures the macroscopic anatomical asymmetries characteristic of adult animals. For example, eggs and early embryos have polarized distributions of RNAs and proteins that generate global anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. The molecular programs that polarize embryos are subsequently reused in multiple contexts. Epithelial cells require apical/basal polarity to establish their barrier function. Migrating cells polarize in the direction of movement, creating distinct leading and trailing structures. Asymmetrically dividing stem cells partition different molecules between themselves and their daughter cells. Cell polarity can develop de novo, be maintained through rounds of cell division and be dynamically remodeled. In this Cell Science at a Glance review and poster, we describe molecular asymmetries that underlie cell polarity in several cellular contexts. We highlight multiple developmental systems that first establish cell/developmental polarity, and then maintain it. Our poster showcases repeated use of the Par, Scribble and Crumbs polarity complexes, which drive the development of cell polarity in many cell types and organisms. We then briefly discuss the diverse and dynamic changes in cell polarity that occur during cell migration, asymmetric cell division and in planar polarized tissues.

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PAR-4 and anillin regulate myosin to coordinate spindle and furrow position during asymmetric division

Abstract: PAR-4/LKB-1, PIG-1/MELK, and the anillin ANI-1 inhibit the accumulation of myosin at the anterior cortex of asymmetrically dividing one-cell C. elegans embryos, thereby preventing myosin from uncoupling cytokinetic furrow and mitotic spindle positions.

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Klp10A, a stem cell centrosome-enriched kinesin, balances asymmetries in Drosophila male germline stem cell division

Klp10A, a stem cell centrosome-enriched kinesin, balances asymmetries in Drosophila male germline stem cell division

Coupling changes in cell shape to chromosome segregation

Development and dynamics of cell polarity at a glance

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