Paradigms and moral judgments: Improper conduct is not disease.

Public Attitudes, Lay Theories and Mental Health Literacy: The Understanding of Mental Health

“…This has positive implications for treatment as it advocates social and community support rather than hospitalisation. However, it has been found that people www.intechopen.com with beliefs which correspond to this model are less trusting of ex-psychiatric patients than ex-medical patients (Sarbin & Mancuso, 1972). These models can therefore be used to classify lay theories and have wide implications for attitudes towards those with mental illnesses, causal beliefs and treatment preferences.…”

“…The main finding is that lay people place more emphasis on psychological, social, and familial causal factors (Sarbin & Mancuso, 1972;Furnham & Thompson, 1996), which can be compared to primarily biological and genetic academic theories. However, lay beliefs about causes vary depending on the disorder.…”

“…This has positive implications as it suggests that people with mental disorders should not be viewed differently than those with a physical illness. The second model is the 'psychosocial' model (Sarbin & Mancuso, 1972), which suggests that causes of mental disorder are psychological and environmental. This has positive implications for treatment as it advocates social and community support rather than hospitalisation.…”

Can We Talk?

“…Public education campaigns and educational materials have had mixed results in changing people's attitudes about consumers (Sarbin & Mancuso, 1972;Fraser, 1994;Penn, Guynan, Daily, Spaulding, Garbin, Sullivan, 1994;Penn et al, 1999). More intensive educational experiences such as seminars have had more positive results, improving attitudes with nursing students (Keane, 1991), medical students (Keane, 1990), and college students (Holmes, Corrigan, Williams, Canar, & Kubiak, 1999).…”

Psychiatric literacy: Lay beliefs of obsessive–compulsive personality disorder

“…The "medical" model suggests that mental disorders' symptoms are caused by an underlying biological or genetic factor, and a "physical" treatment that addresses it (Rabkin, 1974). The "psychosocial" model suggests that the causes of mental disorders are more social, psychological and environmental, and therefore, treatment is focused on improving psychological and social conditions of the patient (Sarbin & Mancuso, 1972). However, whichever system people prefer, they often resort, in the first instance to self-help rather than professional counselling or therapy, though this preference does depend on both the characteristics of the person and the nature of the their problem (Furnham & Telford, 2011).…”