Parallel factor analysis of spider fluorophores

Reed, Scott M.; Do, My-Trinh; Masta, Susan E.

doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.07.014

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Exemplars representing all living orders of Chelicerata were assessed for cuticular UV fluorescence (Table ) by scanning material in the Arachnida Collections of the American Museum of Natural History, with a 395 nm wavelength light‐emitting diode (LED) UV flashlight. The 395 nm wavelength for the UV light was selected as it straddled the fluorophore excitation ranges observed experimentally in scorpions (Fasel et al ., ; Stachel, Stockwell & Van Vranken, ; Frost et al ., ; Wankhede, ; Kloock, ; Gaffin et al ., ; Lourenço, ), spiders (Andrews et al ., ; Reed et al ., ), and more distantly related arthropods such as diplopods (Kuse et al ., , ). Klarman et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loss of the tergites in araneomorph spiders (Dunlop & Lamsdell, ) permits UV light to penetrate through the reinforced integument to stimulate the hemolymph fluorophores, causing the opisthosoma to fluoresce (unlike the prosoma or legs, which are covered by cuticle). Furthermore, the fluorescent compounds in spider hemolymph differ from those in scorpion cuticle (Reed, Do & Masta, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exocuticular hyaline layer of sea scorpions and horseshoe crabs suggests cuticular fluorescence is plesiomorphic in chelicerates

et al. 2017

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The cuticle of scorpions (Chelicerata: Arachnida) fluoresces under long‐wave ultraviolet (UV) light due to the presence of beta‐carboline and 7‐hydroxy‐4‐methylcoumarin in the hyaline layer of the exocuticle. The adaptive significance of cuticular UV fluorescence in scorpions is debated. Although several other chelicerate orders (e.g. Opiliones and Solifugae) have been reported to fluoresce on exposure to UV light, the prevalence of cuticular UV fluorescence has not been confirmed beyond scorpions. A systematic study of living chelicerates revealed that UV fluorescence of the unsclerotized integument is ubiquitous across Chelicerata, whereas only scorpions and horseshoe crabs (Xiphosura) exhibit cuticular UV fluorescence. Scanning electron microscopy and histological sectioning confirmed the presence of a hyaline layer in taxa exhibiting cuticular fluorescence. The hyaline layer is absent in all other chelicerates except sea scorpions (Eurypterida) in which a taphonomically altered hyaline layer, that may have fluoresced under UV light, was observed in exceptionally preserved cuticle. Cuticular UV fluorescence appears to be associated with the presence of a hyaline layer, as has long been recognized in scorpions, and may be plesiomorphic among chelicerates. The presence of a hyaline layer in horseshoe crabs and sea scorpions suggests that several putative functions for cuticular UV fluorescence in scorpions can be discounted.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exocuticular hyaline layer of sea scorpions and horseshoe crabs suggests cuticular fluorescence is plesiomorphic in chelicerates

et al. 2017

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“…Three way data sets were constructed from the excitation emission matrices (EEM) recorded during each irradiation experiment. The required preprocessing steps were adopted to account for both primary and secondary inner filter effects (IFE) and also to minimize the influence of scattering effects [47,48]. Briefly, the absorption espectra of the samples were used for correct ing the…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%