Parallel Implementations of ARIA on ARM Processors and Graphics Processing Unit

Abstract

The ARIA block cipher algorithm is Korean standard, IETF standard (RFC 5794), and part of the TLS/SSL protocol. In this paper, we present the parallel implementation of ARIA block cipher on ARMv8 processors and GPU. The ARMv8 processor is the latest 64-bit ARM architecture and supports ASIMD for parallel implementations. With this feature, 4 and 16 parallel encryption blocks are implemented to optimize the substitution layer of ARIA block cipher using four different Sboxes. Compared to previous works, the performance was improved by 2.76× and 8.73× at 4-plaintext and 16-plaintext cases, respectively. We also present optimal implementation on GPU architectures. GPUs are highly parallel programmable processors featuring maximum arithmetic and memory bandwidth. Optimal settings of ARIA block cipher implementation on GPU were analyzed using the Nsight Compute profiler provided by Nvidia. We found that using shared memory reduces the execution timing when performing substitution operations with Sbox tables. When using many threads with shared memory instead of global memory, it improves performance by about 1.08∼1.43×. Additionally, techniques using table expansion to minimize bank conflicts have been found to be inefficient when tables cannot be copied by the size of the bank. We measured the performance of ARIA block ciphers implemented with various settings. This represents an optimized GPU implementation of the ARIA block cipher.

AVX-Based Acceleration of ARIA Block Cipher Algorithm

“…These hardware-based methods provide a high level of performance optimization and have been the subject of numerous studies [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]. In the same vein of research, the ARIA algorithm has also been the focus of optimization studies using parallel implementation with ARMv8 processors and GPUs (Nvidia GTX 3060) [24], as well as performance optimization based on low-power embedded processors (8-bit AVR microcontrollers) [25]. These studies demonstrate the increasing interest in exploring a variety of hardware-based approaches for accelerating block cipher algorithms in cryptography.…”

A Comparative Study on the Performance of 64-bit ARM Processors

“…Eum et al [46] studied the ARIA block cipher algorithm on ARMv8 processors. They compared their work to other work in the literature and found that their results reveal 8.73x performance improvements using ARM processors.…”