Parameters Controlling Strength, Stiffness and Durability of a Fibre-Reinforced Clay

Ekinci, Abdullah; Abki, Ala

doi:10.1007/s40891-022-00352-8

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…An initial experiment was carried out to cover filament materials with a clay mixture and to evaluate suitable types of filaments. A set of different filament materials with thicknesses ranging between 0.2 and 2 mm was selected based on existing studies [ 22 , 23 ] and preliminary work [ 24 ]. For testing purposes, each filament was positioned at the center of a circular clay extrusion with an 8mm diameter, leading to clay-to-filament cross-sectional area ratios ranging from 100:0.06 to 100:6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filament-Reinforced 3D Printing of Clay

Jauk,

Gosch,

Vašatko

et al. 2023

Materials

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This research resulted in the development of a method that can be used for filament-reinforced 3D printing of clay. Currently, clay-based elements are mixed with randomly dispersed fibrous materials in order to increase their tensile strength. The advantages of taking this new approach to create filament-reinforced prints are the increased bridging ability while printing, the increased tensile strength of the dried elements, and the achievement of non-catastrophic failure behavior. The research methodology used involves the following steps: (1) evaluating properties of various filament materials with respect to multiple criteria, (2) designing a filament guiding nozzle for co-extrusion, and (3) conducting a comprehensive testing phase for the composite material. This phase involves comparisons of bridging ability, tensile strength evaluations for un-reinforced clay prints and filament-reinforced prints, as well as the successful production of an architectural brick prototype. (4) Finally, the gathered results are subjected to thorough analysis. Compared to conventional 3D printing of clay, the developed method enables a substantial increase in bridging distance during printing by a factor of 460%. This capability facilitates the design of objects characterized by reduced solidity and the attainment of a more open, lightweight, and net-like structure. Further, results show that the average tensile strength of the reinforced sample in a dry state exhibited an enhancement of approximately 15%. The combination of clay’s ability to resist compression and the filament’s capacity to withstand tension has led to the development of a structural concept in this composite material akin to that of reinforced concrete. This suggests its potential application within the construction industry. Producing the prototype presented in this research would not have been possible with existing 3D printing methods of clay.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filament-Reinforced 3D Printing of Clay

Jauk,

Gosch,

Vašatko

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The authors concluded that the η/ Civ index is the main factor influencing the unconfined compressive strength of stabilized silt. Ekinci et al [40] verified parameters controlling the unconfined compressive strength and loss of mass of reinforcement clay with fibers. The authors found that the porosity/cement index directly influences accumulated mass and strength loss.…”

Section: Effects Of Porosity/cement Index and Curing Periods On Stren...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small pieces were taken from the tested specimens to determine the matric suction values of the samples. Several studies have related unconfined compressive strength (q u ) to the porosity/cement index [39][40][41][42]. The porosity/cement index and q u were adjusted through a power relation, as shown in Equation (1).…”

Section: Ucs and Stiffness (Non-destructive) Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Porosity/Binder Index on Strength, Stiffness and Microstructure of Cemented Clay: The Impact of Sustainable Development Geomaterials

Baldovino,

Nuñez de la Rosa,

Calabokis

2024

Materials

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Searching for alternative material options to reduce the extraction of natural resources is essential for promoting a more sustainable world. This is especially relevant in construction and infrastructure projects, where significant volumes of materials are used. This paper aims to introduce three alternative materials, crushed ground glass (GG), recycled gypsum (GY) and crushed lime waste (CLW), byproducts of construction industry geomaterials, to enhance the mechanical properties of clay soil in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. These materials show promise as cementitious and frictional agents, combined with soil and cement. Rigorous testing, including tests on unconfined compressive strength (qu) and initial stiffness (Go) and with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), reveals a correlation between strength, stiffness and the novel porosity/binder index (η/Civ) and provides mixed design equations for the novel geomaterials. Micro-level analyses show the formation of hydrated calcium silicates and complex interactions among the waste materials, cement and clay. These new geomaterials offer an eco-friendly alternative to traditional cementation, contributing to geotechnical solutions in vulnerable tropical regions.

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“…Physical reinforcement technology not only improves the strength of soil but also greatly improves the physical and mechanical properties of soil, such as tensile and flexural strength, so it has been widely used. The commonly used soil reinforcement materials include cotton and hemp products [9,[14][15][16], geotextile [17][18][19], polypropylene fiber [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], glass fiber [27], basalt fiber [27][28][29], and steel fiber [7,25]. The natural tensile properties, surface friction properties, and good dispersion of these materials make them connected with the cementitious substances produced by the hydration reaction of cement in a network 2 of 19 structure, which enhances the bonding force of the contact interface and improves the ability of soil to resist deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Strength of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Cemented Silt Soil

et al. 2022

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To improve the poor characteristics of low strength and high compressibility of weak silty soil, a series of samples with different cement dosage, fiber content, and fiber length was prepared in this experiment, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests, triaxial tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were carried out to explore the influence of polypropylene fiber on the strength of cement-stabilized soil and analyze the curing mechanism of fiber-reinforced cement soil. The test results show that the factors affecting the UCS of the sample from high to low were: cement dosage, fiber content, and fiber length. An orthogonal test found that the optimal ratio of the sample was cement dosage of 18%, fiber content of 0.4%, and fiber length of 3 mm, and the UCS of the sample can reach 1.63 MPa. The triaxial test shows that when the cement dosage is 15% and the fiber length is 9 mm, the incorporation of fiber can significantly improve the toughness and strength of soil. When the cement dosage is 15%, the UCS with 0.4% fiber content is 1.6 times that without fiber. With the increase of fiber content, the peak stress and axial strain of fiber-cured soil are increased, and the cohesion and internal friction angle are also increased. The failure mode and SEM test of fiber-reinforced cement soil show that when the cement dosage is 15% and the fiber length is 9 mm, the addition of fiber can improve the deformation ability of cement soil and slow down the development of cracks. With the increase in fiber content, the number and width of cracks are significantly reduced, and the failure mode changes from brittle failure to ductile failure.

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Parameters Controlling Strength, Stiffness and Durability of a Fibre-Reinforced Clay

Cited by 11 publications

References 58 publications

Filament-Reinforced 3D Printing of Clay

Filament-Reinforced 3D Printing of Clay

Effect of Porosity/Binder Index on Strength, Stiffness and Microstructure of Cemented Clay: The Impact of Sustainable Development Geomaterials

Experimental Study on Strength of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Cemented Silt Soil

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