Parâmetros sanguíneos, hepáticos e ruminais de ovinos alimentados com dietas com farelo de mamona destoxificado

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros sanguíneos, hepáticos e ruminais, bem como caracterizar e quantificar a população de protozoários ciliados, no rúmen de ovinos alimentados com dietas com farelo de mamona destoxificada (FM). Foram utilizados 32 ovinos, para a avaliação dos parâmetros sanguíneos e hepáticos, e quatro ovinos adultos fistulados no rúmen, para a avaliação dos parâmetros ruminais. A dieta controle foi composta por feno de capim-buffel, milho em grão moído, ureia e farelo de soja (FS Blood, liver and rumen parameters of sheep fed diets containing detoxified castor bean mealAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the blood, liver and rumen parameters, as well as to characterize and quantify the population of ciliated protozoa in the rumen of sheep fed diets with detoxified castor bean meal (DCBM). Thirty-two lambs were used, for the evaluation of blood and liver parameters, and four rumen-cannulated adult sheep were used to determine rumen parameters. The control diet was composed by buffel grass hay, ground corn grain, urea and soybean meal (SBM). In the treatments, SBM was partially replaced by DCBM at 15, 30 and 45% in the concentrate. There was no significant difference, among treatments, for the serum-urea contents whose mean value was 666.0 mg L -1. There was no significant difference, among diets, for glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, which had mean values of 690.3 mg L , respectively. The ammoniacal nitrogen and pH values had an increasing linear pattern with the replacement of SBM by DCBM. The genus Entodinium was the most frequent in all treatments and showed 76.4% overall mean of the total protozoa; the treatment without DCBM had the highest percentage of this genus among treatments. The diet substitution above 45% of soybean meal by the detoxified castor bean meal is favorable to the rumen environment.Index terms: Ricinus communis, ciliates, metabolism, microbiota, rumen. IntroduçãoA mamona (Ricinus communis L.), por apresentar características como adaptabilidade a solos mais arenosos e resistência à seca, é indicada como matéria prima para o biocombustível na região Nordeste do Brasil (Severino, 2005). E a indústria desse produto é responsável por grandes quantidades de resíduos, que causam problemas ambientais e, além disso, representam encargos com estocagem. Assim, há necessidade de um destino adequado e sustentável para tais materiais, para transformá-los em coprodutos, cuja utilização é uma alternativa importante para a nutrição animal. Entretanto, a presença de princípios tóxicos e alergênicos pode dificultar esse uso (Oliveira et al., 2010).

Metabolic stress and reproductive features in post-partum goats supplemented for a long period with detoxified castor meal as the source of dietary nitrogen

“…No significant changes in liver (protein, bilirubin, albumin and GOT) and kidney function metabolites (urea) were observed during the experimental period. Similar results were previously described for sheep (Menezes et al, 2012) and does (Silva et al, 2015) fed with diets containing detoxified castor meal. Thus, the results obtained in this study are within the reference range, which indicates that the experimental diets provide sufficient nutrients for the metabolic requirements of the animals.…”

“…According to Vieira et al (2011), detoxified castor meal, when used for 70 days, improves the digestion in sheep in the finishing stages of production. Menezes et al (2012) did not observe alterations in the liver enzymes of sheep fed for 20 days with detoxified castor meal; in addition, replacing 45% of soy meal with detoxified castor meal improves the ruminal environment. In goats, non-detoxified castor de-oiled cake with ricin concentrations up to 50mg/kg of the residue may be used for long periods, at levels corresponding to 15% of the diet, completely substituting soybean cake, without compromising the meat traits (Silva et al, 2015).…”

Detoxified castor meal in substitution of soybean meal in sheep diet: growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat yield

“…Thus, the animals would need to intake more protein to meet their requirements. In this regard, Menezes et al (2012) reported a linear increase in the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in the rumen fluid of sheep as SM was replaced by DCM in the same proportions used here, indicating an imbalance in the availability of energy and protein to microbial protein synthesis.…”

“…The animals were fed twice a day at 0800 and 1600 hours. The chemical composition of feeds and diets are presented in Tables 1 and 2. The castor seed meal was purchased from Brasil Ecodiesel in Iraquara, BA, and transported to the Semiarid Embrapa, where it was detoxified with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) diluted in water (9 L of water/kg of Ca(OH) 2 ), in a ratio of 60 g of Ca(OH) 2 per kilogram of castor seed meal (Menezes et al 2012). After detoxification, the material was placed in 200-L polyethylene containers for 24 h and then sun-dried for 12 h.…”