Parental Obesity and Early Childhood Development

Yeung, Edwina; Sundaram, Rajeshwari; Ghassabian, Akhgar; Xie, Yan; Louis, Germaine M. Buck

doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1459

Cited by 50 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…For example, in a national longitudinal study (Hinkle et al, and 2013), children of severely obese mothers had higher rates of DD that tended to reflect cognitive or learning/behavior endpoints, but no association with motor or physical disabilities. In contrast, in a study of a New York population, maternal obesity was associated with failing the fine motor domain of the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ), whereas paternal obesity was associated with failing the personal‐social domain (Yeung et al, ). Children in the SEED DD group have a variety of conditions, the majority being speech delay or other general developmental delay, with some chromosomal, syndromic or other conditions; 24% also had ID (Wiggins et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Recently, a number of studies have examined maternal BMI and ASD with several, but not all, reporting increased risk of ASD among heavier mothers (Bilder et al, ; Dodds et al, ; Gardner et al, ; Getz, Anderka, Werler, & Jick, ; Krakowiak et al, ; Li et al, ; Lyall, Pauls, Santangelo, Spiegelman, & Ascherio, ; Moss & Chugani, ; Suren et al, ). In addition, maternal overweight/obesity has been associated with other developmental disabilities in offspring (Hinkle et al, ; Hinkle, Sharma, Kim, & Schieve, ; Jo et al, ; Krakowiak et al, ; Rivera, Christiansen, & Sullivan, ; Yeung, Sundaram, Ghassabian, Xie, & Buck Louis, ), which have also been increasing in prevalence in US children (Boyle et al, ; Visser et al, ), suggesting possible common mechanisms. Specifically, obesity can lead to systemic inflammation, altered endocrine response, and insulin resistance (de Heredia, Gomez‐Martinez, & Marcos, ; Denison, Roberts, Barr, & Norman, ; Heerwagen, Miller, Barbour, & Friedman, ), which have been linked to ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders (Auyeung et al, ; Baron‐Cohen et al, ; Goines & Van de Water, ; Gore, Martien, Gagnidze, & Pfaff, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Pre‐pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder and other Developmental Disorders in Offspring

et al. 2018

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Most prior studies examining maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) in relation to offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have reported an association, though findings are not uniform and few have also examined gestational weight gain (GWG). Therefore, we examined both in the Study to Explore Early Development, a multi‐site case–control study of children born in 2003–2006. Children identified from clinics, schools, and birth certificates were enrolled at ages 2–5 year and using standardized developmental evaluations, classified as: ASD, other developmental delays (DD), or population‐based controls. Maternal height, weight, and GWG were self‐reported during the telephone interview. Three primary weight risk factors were examined: (a) Pre‐pregnancy BMI, classified as underweight to obese, (b) GWG continuous and categorized as quintiles, and (c) Institute of Medicine clinical weight‐gain recommendations. Odds ratios adjusted (AOR) for sociodemographic and prenatal factors were calculated among term singletons, comparing the ASD (n = 540) or DD (n = 720) groups to the control group (n = 776). The AOR of ASD and maternal obesity was 1.37 (95%CI 0.98–1.92). Associations with higher GWG were stronger (Quintile5 vs. Quintile3 AOR = 1.58, 95%CI 1.08–2.31), and particularly so among overweight/obese women (AOR = 1.90, 95%CI 0.98–3.68). DD was associated with maternal overweight and obesity (obesity AOR = 1.48, 95%CI 1.08–2.02), but not with total GWG or clinical recommendations. High maternal BMI and GWG are risk factors for other pregnancy and child outcomes, and our results suggest they may also represent modifiable risk factors for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 316–327 © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary In a large, national study, we found that children with autism were more likely than unaffected children to have mothers with higher weight gain during pregnancy; risk of autism may be even stronger if mothers were also overweight before pregnancy. Children with other developmental delays were more likely to have mothers who were overweight or obese before pregnancy, but not who gained more weight during pregnancy. Overweight and weight gain may represent factors that could be modified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Pre‐pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder and other Developmental Disorders in Offspring

et al. 2018

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“…We had a smaller sample of women with data on IQ, and the effect sizes for prepregnancy BMI category were somewhat attenuated after adjustment for maternal IQ in this sub‐sample; however, the beta‐coefficients were not appreciably different. We were not able to account for paternal obesity or gestational diabetes in our analyses (Daraki et al, ; Yeung et al, ), which may be important to consider in future work. In addition, gestational age was assessed from the last menstrual period, as ultrasound was not common at the time of the study, which could result in bias of our last maternal weight measurement timing due to measurement error, which would likely be nondifferential and bias results towards the null (Savitz et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prepregnancy overweight and obesity are associated with impaired child neurodevelopment

Widen

Kahn

Cirillo

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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The authors examined the relationship of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with child neurodevelopment. Mother-child dyads were a subgroup (n = 2,084) of the Child Health and Development Studies from the Oakland, California, area enrolled during pregnancy from 1959 to 1966 and followed at child age 9 years. Linear regression was used to examine associations between prepregnancy BMI, GWG, and standardized Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and Raven Progressive Matrices scores and to evaluate effect modification of GWG by prepregnancy BMI. Before pregnancy, 77% of women were normal weight, 8%were underweight, 11% were overweight, and 3% were obese. Associations between GWG and child outcomes did not vary by prepregnancy BMI, suggesting no evidence for interaction.In multivariable models, compared to normal prepregnancy BMI, prepregnancy overweight and Gage et al., 2013;Hinkle et al., 2012;Hinkle et al., 2016;Huang et al., 2014;Keim & Pruitt, 2012;Pugh et al., 2015;Pugh et al., 2016a;Pugh et al., 2016b;Tavris & Read, 1982;Torres-Espinola et al., 2015). Finally, several studies only evaluated effects of BMI or GWG alone, and did not evaluate the joint associations between these factors (Basatemur et al., 2013;Brion et al., 2011;Hinkle et al., 2013;Krakowiak et al., 2012;Mann et al., 2013;Neggers et al., 2003;Rodriguez, 2010;Rodriguez et al., 2008;Tanda et al., 2013;Tavris & Read, 1982;Torres-Espinola et al., 2015). Our objective was to determine the relationship of maternal prepregnancy BMI and GWG with child neurodevelopment in midchildhood among mother-child dyads who participated in the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS). We hypothesized that higher prepregnancy BMI and higher GWG would have negative associations with child cognitive outcomes. We also hypothesized that associations of GWG with child cognitive outcomes would vary by prepregnancy BMI, with stronger negative associations in women with higher BMI. | METHODSThe CHDS is a prospective birth cohort that has been previously

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“…Adjusted models with ASQ and developmental service use revealed that most of these associations were explained by confounding. We have previously shown that maternal BMI is associated with increased inflammation and separately, that maternal obesity is associated with higher odds of failing gross motor development . While studies on neonatal samples universally consider gestational age at birth as a confounder, information on socio‐economic characteristics and maternal health‐related factors such as BMI are not available in many studies.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of immune marker in newborn dried blood spots and early childhood development: Results from the Upstate KIDS Study

Ghassabian

Sundaram

Chahal

et al. 2018

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Parental Obesity and Early Childhood Development

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies identified associations between maternal obesity and childhood neurodevelopment, but few examined paternal obesity despite potentially distinct genetic/epigenetic effects related to developmental programming.

Cited by 50 publications

References 43 publications

Maternal Pre‐pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder and other Developmental Disorders in Offspring

Maternal Pre‐pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder and other Developmental Disorders in Offspring

Prepregnancy overweight and obesity are associated with impaired child neurodevelopment

Concentrations of immune marker in newborn dried blood spots and early childhood development: Results from the Upstate KIDS Study

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