Partial Amino Acid Sequence of a Cellulase-Like Component with IgE-Binding Properties from &lt;i&gt;Stachybotrys chartarum&lt;/i&gt;

Kärkkäinen, Marja; Raunio, P.; Rautiainen, J. Mikko; Auriola, Seppo; Hinke, Kaj; Pasanen, Anna‐Liisa

doi:10.1159/000076439

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Stachybotrys chartarum is a common fungus in the context of damp housing, but has not clearly been implicated in allergic conditions [71]. A single antigen (cellulase) has been identified from S. chartarum, which is a protein found in many fungi [72].…”

Section: Implicated Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

The link between fungi and severe asthma: a summary of the evidence

Denning

O’Driscoll²,

Hogaboam³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

731

631

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There is current evidence to demonstrate a close association between fungal sensitisation and asthma severity. Whether such an association is causal remains to be confirmed, but this is explored by means of a detailed literature review. There is evidence from two randomised controlled trials that, in the example of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), treatment with systemic antifungal therapy can offer a therapeutic benefit to ,60% of patients. ABPA is only diagnosed if a combination of clinical and immunological criteria is achieved. It is not known whether such cases are a discrete clinical entity or part of a spectrum of the pulmonary allergic response to fungi or fungal products.This paper describes the epidemiological evidence that associates severity of asthma with fungi and discusses possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Many airborne fungi are involved, including species of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium, and exposure may be indoors, outdoors or both. The potential for a therapeutic role of antifungal agents for patients with severe asthma and fungal sensitisation is also explored.Not only are many patients with severe asthma desperately disabled by their disease, but, in the UK alone, asthma accounts for 1,500 deaths per yr. The healthcare costs of these patients are enormous and any treatment option merits close scrutiny. Within this report, the case for the consideration of a new term related to this association is put forward. The current authors propose the term ''severe asthma with fungal sensitisation''. However, it is recognised that enhanced and precise definition of fungal sensitisation will require improvements in diagnostic testing.

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Section: Implicated Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

The link between fungi and severe asthma: a summary of the evidence

Denning

O’Driscoll²,

Hogaboam³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

731

631

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“…C. herbarum, A. alternata, C. albicans, S. cerevisiae, A. fumigatus, F. solani, C. lunata, R. mucilaginosa, Beauveria bassiana and P. citrinum . Preliminary data also indicate that E. purpurascens [144] and Stachybotrys chartarum [145] have got IgE-reactive enolases. Cynodon dactylon and Hevea brasiliensis are the non-fungal species where enolase has been described to be an allergen.…”

Section: Fungal Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spectrum of Fungal Allergy

Simon-Nobbe¹,

Denk²,

Pöll³

et al. 2007

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

436

425

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Fungi can be found throughout the world. They may live as saprophytes, parasites or symbionts of animals and plants in indoor as well as outdoor environment. For decades, fungi belonging to the ascomycota as well as to the basidiomycota have been known to cause a broad panel of human disorders. In contrast to pollen, fungal spores and/or mycelial cells may not only cause type I allergy, the most prevalent disease caused by molds, but also a large number of other illnesses, including allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses, allergic sinusitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and atopic dermatitis; and, again in contrast to pollen-derived allergies, fungal allergies are frequently linked with allergic asthma. Sensitization to molds has been reported in up to 80% of asthmatic patients. Although research on fungal allergies dates back to the 19th century, major improvements in the diagnosis and therapy of mold allergy have been hampered by the fact that fungal extracts are highly variable in their protein composition due to strain variabilities, batch-to-batch variations, and by the fact that extracts may be prepared from spores and/or mycelial cells. Nonetheless, about 150 individual fungal allergens from approximately 80 mold genera have been identified in the last 20 years. First clinical studies with recombinant mold allergens have demonstrated their potency in clinical diagnosis. This review aims to give an overview of the biology of molds and diseases caused by molds in humans, as well as a detailed summary of the latest results on recombinant fungal allergens.

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“…In this context, there have been a number of reports of proteins from Stachybotrys chartarum sensu lato to which antibodies in sera from atopic patients bind. The list includes 65-, 52-, 50- and 48-kDa proteins; assays with the latter 2 proteins revealed antibodies that were present in >80% of sera screened [11,12,13]. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that the 48-kDa protein is homologous to many fungal cellulases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Human Antigenic Proteins SchS21 and SchS34 from <i>Stachybotrys chartarum</i>

Shi¹,

Smith

Miller³

2010

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background:SchS21 and SchS34 are proteins from Stachybotrys chartarum sensu latto that are antigenic in goats, mice and humans. Monoclonal antibodies to these proteins react with spores of S. chartarum and S. chlorohalonata but do not cross-react with a diverse taxonomic and ecological array of other fungi. Methods: Based on partial sequences of the 21- and 34-kDa proteins, obtained from tandem mass spectra and Edman degradation, degenerate primers were designed for touchdown PCR and the resulting amplicons were sequenced. Subsequently, inverse-PCR was used to obtain genomic DNA sequences encoding SchS21 and SchS34. RT-PCR products were sequenced to predict the mature protein sequences of SchS21 and SchS34. Based on the speculation that SchS21 protein was a DNase, the enzymatic properties were investigated. Results: Sequences of 435 and 666 bp in length were obtained from SchS21 and SchS34 cDNAs. The SchS21 open reading frame encodes a mature protein of 144 amino acids, while that of SchS34 is 221 amino acids in length. SchS21 is a secretory, alkaline, Mg-dependent exodeoxyribonuclease, while SchS34 is a secretory protein of unknown function. His-tagged forms of the mature SchS21 and SchS34 proteins were separately overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified using Ni-NTA columns (0.5 mg/l yield). Conclusions: Based on Western blots, the expressed proteins were similar in molecular weight and bound to the respective monoclonal antibodies to SchS21 and SchS34 proteins from S. chartarum. Interactions with human sera IgE confirmed the expressed forms of SchS21 and SchS34 as naturally occurring allergens.

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Partial Amino Acid Sequence of a Cellulase-Like Component with IgE-Binding Properties from <i>Stachybotrys chartarum</i>

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

The link between fungi and severe asthma: a summary of the evidence

The link between fungi and severe asthma: a summary of the evidence

The Spectrum of Fungal Allergy

Characterization of Human Antigenic Proteins SchS21 and SchS34 from <i>Stachybotrys chartarum</i>

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