Partial Replacement of Forage with Nonforage Fiber Sources in Lactating Cow Diets. I. Performance and Health

Pereira, Marcos Neves; Garrett, Edgar F.; Oetzel, Garrett R.; Armentanto, L.E.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75528-1

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, in all rations except 15WCGF more than 20% of the TMR was <1.18 mm. One of the concerns with replacing forages with nonforage fiber sources is the reduction in ration particle size and effective fiber and the resulting risk for acidosis, displaced abomasum, and milk fat depression (Pereira et al, 1999). In this experiment, rations with co-products appeared to have had a slightly finer particle size; however, there were no detected incidences of displaced abomasum or other digestive disorders, nor was milk fat synthesis (Table 4) affected by treatment diet.…”

Section: Feed Nutrient Composition and Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 69%

Nitrogen utilization, nutrient digestibility, and excretion of purine derivatives in dairy cattle consuming rations containing corn milling co-products

Gehman

Kononoff

2010

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of feeding a combination of modified wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) and wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) on nutrient digestion, purine derivative excretion, and N utilization. Multiparous (n = 20) and primiparous (n = 20) cows were arranged in a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square with 21-d periods. Animals were fed one of 5 treatment diets during each period: 1) 0% co-products (control); 2) 15% WDGS (15WDGS); 3) 15% WCGF (15WCGF); 4) 7.5% WDGS and 7.5% WCGF (15MIX); and 5) 15% WDGS and 15% WCGF (30MIX; dry matter basis). A portion of forages, corn, and soy-based protein was replaced with WDGS, or WCGF, or both. Dry matter intake was greater for 15WDGS (25.1 kg/d) and 30MIX (25.5 kg/d) than for control (22.4 kg/d), 15WCGF (23.2 kg/d), or 15MIX (23.5 kg/d). Dry matter digestibility was greatest for 15WCGF and 30MIX (63.6 and 64.1%, respectively) and least for 15WDGS (59.8%), and neutral detergent fiber and N digestibility were greatest for 30MIX (50.7 and 68.6%, respectively) and lowest for 15WDGS (41.3 and 61.5%, respectively). Excretion of purine derivatives in urine was greater for co-product treatment diets than for control. Fecal N was greatest for 15WDGS compared with other treatment diets (311.0 vs. 263.3 g/d), whereas urinary N was greatest for 30MIX (330.0 g/d), intermediate for 15WCGF and 15MIX (319.3 and 320.5 g/d, respectively), and lowest for control and 15WDGS (308.5 and 312.2 g/d, respectively). Manure N (fecal + urinary N) was greatest for 15WDGS, intermediate for 15MIX and 30MIX, and lowest for control and 15WCGF. Treatment diets did not differ in 4% fat-corrected milk production. Compared with the ration containing WDGS, the ration with a 30% mixture of WDGS and WCGF improved nutrient digestibility and N utilization with reduced manure N excretion and increased N retention. Thus, it appears feeding WDGS and WCGF in combination reduces some of the negative effects of feeding WDGS alone.

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Section: Feed Nutrient Composition and Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 69%

Nitrogen utilization, nutrient digestibility, and excretion of purine derivatives in dairy cattle consuming rations containing corn milling co-products

Gehman

Kononoff

2010

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…One of the concerns with replacing forages with nonforage fiber sources such as WDGS is the reduction in ration particle size and effective fiber, both of which increase the risk for acidosis, displaced abomasum, and milk fat depression (Pereira et al, 1999). Heinrichs and Kononoff (2002) suggested that rations should contain 2 to 8% on the top screen (>19.0 mm), 30 to 50% on the second screen (8.0 to 19.0 mm), 30 to 50% on the third screen (1.18 to 8.0 mm), and <20% in the bottom pan (<1.18 mm).…”

Section: Ration Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of nitrogen in cows consuming wet distillers grains with solubles in alfalfa and corn silage-based dairy rations

Gehman

Kononoff

2010

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of forage type on nutrient digestibility, purine derivative excretion, nitrogen utilization, and milk production in dairy cattle consuming rations containing high levels of wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS). Primiparous (n = 8) and multiparous (n = 20) Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square. Animals were fed 1 of 4 treatments during each 21-d period: 1) CONT-CS, 0% WDGS and high corn silage; 2) CONT-AS, 0% WDGS and high alfalfa silage; 3) WDGS-CS, 25% WDGS and high corn silage; and 4) WDGS-AS, 25% WDGS and high alfalfa silage (dry matter basis). Intake and milk data were collected daily and averaged for d 15 to 21 of each period. Dry matter intake was lower for CONT-CS than for CONT-AS, WDGS-CS, and WDGS-AS (22.5, 24.6, 24.6, and 24.8 kg/d, respectively). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and N were not affected by treatment, averaging 59.6, 62.3, 40.1, and 58.6%, respectively. Excretion of urinary purine derivatives was greatest for WDGS-AS, followed by WDGS-CS, and then CONT-CS and CONT-AS. Thus, by calculation, estimated microbial protein flow was highest for WDGS-AS (2,189.9 g/d) followed by WDGS-CS (1,996.2 g/d), CONT-AS (1,640.0 g/d), and CONT-CS (1,627.0 g/d). Mass of fecal N was not different among treatments (averaging 287.1 ± 14.8 g/d), but urinary and manure N were reduced for rations with WDGS compared with those not including WDGS. Observed 4% fat-corrected milk was greatest for WDGS-AS, followed by WDGS-CS, and then 29.7, 28.3, and 27.2 kg/d, respectively). Milk protein yield was greatest for WDGS-AS (1.00 kg/d), followed by WDGS-CS, and then CONT-AS and 0.91, 0.86 kg/d, respectively). This research demonstrated that rations can be balanced for dairy cattle to include up to 25% WDGS and result in increased microbial protein synthesis, milk production, and milk protein yield.

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“…In the United States corn producing region, almost all cultivated corn has dent grain (Coors et al, 1994), while the corn cultivated in Brazil is predominantly flint. There is evidence that the greater the grain vitreousness the lowest the ruminal starch degradability (Corrêa et al, 2002;Philippeau & MichaletDoreau, 1997;Philippeau et al, 1999). It is therefore important understanding the effect of corn grain texture on performance of dairy cows fed silages made with Brazilian cultivars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Holstein cows fed sugarcane or corn silages of different grain textures

Corrêa

Pereira

Oliveira

et al. 2003

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Corn cultivated in Brazil is predominantly of hard texture, and more propense to decreased starch digestibility under late harvesting situations than dent hybrids. This work tested the utilization of dent corn as a way of extending the ensilage period without reducing animal performance, and evaluated the potential of sugarcane as a forage for high-producing dairy cows. Nine lactating Holstein cows were allocated to three 3 × 3 latin squares and were fed 200 g of forage neutral detergent fiber per kg of dry matter as either hard texture corn ensiled at the half milk line stage of maturity, soft texture corn ensiled at the black layer stage, or sugarcane. There were no detectable differences between corn hybrids with regard to milk yield (34.2 vs 34.6 kg d ). Organic matter digestibility, chewing activity and rumen pH did not differ among treatments. Sugarcane seems to be a viable option to feed groups of Holstein cows during lactation stages in which nutrient demand is not at a maximum. The performance of dairy cows fed dent corn ensiled at the black layer stage of maturity was similar to the performance of cows fed flint corn ensiled at the half milk line stage. Key words: flint corn, dent corn, digestibility, stage of maturity DESEMPENHO DE VACAS HOLANDESAS ALIMENTADAS COM CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR OU SILAGENS DE MILHO DE DIFERENTES TEXTURA DE GRÃORESUMO: O milho cultivado no Brasil é predominantemente de textura dura, e mais propenso a redução na digestibilidade do amido em situação de colheita tardia que híbridos dentados. Este trabalho testou a utilização de milho dentado como maneira de ampliar o período de ensilagem sem reduzir o desempenho animal e avaliou o potencial da cana-de-açúcar em dietas para vacas leiteiras de alta produção. Nove vacas Holandesas foram alocadas em três quadrados latinos 3 × 3 e alimentadas com 200 g de fibra em detergente neutro oriunda de forragem por kg de matéria seca como milho de textura dura ensilado no estádio de maturação "metade da linha do leite", milho de textura macia no estádio "linha negra" ou cana-de-açúcar. Não foi detectada diferença entre híbridos de milho na produção (34,2 vs 34,6 kg d ). A digestibilidade da matéria orgânica, a atividade mastigatória e o pH ruminal não foram diferentes entre tratamentos. A canade-açúcar parece ser uma opção para alimentar grupos de vacas Holandesas durante fases da lactação na qual a demanda nutricional não é a máxima. O desempenho de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com milho dentado ensilado em estádio de maturação "linha negra" foi similar ao de vacas alimentadas com milho duro ensilado no estádio "metade da linha do leite". Palavras-chave: milho duro, milho dentado, digestibilidade, estádio de maturação

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Partial Replacement of Forage with Nonforage Fiber Sources in Lactating Cow Diets. I. Performance and Health

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Nitrogen utilization, nutrient digestibility, and excretion of purine derivatives in dairy cattle consuming rations containing corn milling co-products

Nitrogen utilization, nutrient digestibility, and excretion of purine derivatives in dairy cattle consuming rations containing corn milling co-products

Utilization of nitrogen in cows consuming wet distillers grains with solubles in alfalfa and corn silage-based dairy rations

Performance of Holstein cows fed sugarcane or corn silages of different grain textures

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