Particle size and metal composition of gouging and lancing fumes

Keyter, Marelé; Merwe, Alicia Van Der; Franken, Anja

doi:10.1080/15459624.2019.1639719

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…For all size fractions, and especially for UFPs, these results evidence the need for a detailed understanding of incidental particle formation mechanisms due to their direct implications on particle composition and, thus, exposure. In agreement with recent studies ( Keyter et al , 2019 ), it is advisable that the ultrafine size fraction (especially, incidental) should be included in personal exposure and risk assessments in occupational settings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Literature on workplace UFP chemical composition is currently relatively scarce ( Ntziachristos et al , 2007 ; Terzano et al , 2010 ; Viana et al, 2015 , 2014 ; Corsini et al , 2017 ; Ozgen et al , 2017 ; Mendes et al , 2018 ; Gonzalez-Pech et al , 2019 ), one of the reasons being that it is frequently difficult to obtain enough released material for a proper characterization and more so for toxicological testing ( Kuhlbusch et al , 2018 ). As a result, the characterization of bulk UFP chemical composition for exposure and toxicity assessments still remains a challenge, evidenced by an increasing interest in assessing the concentrations and physico-chemical properties of incidental UFPs in workplaces ( Curwin and Bertke, 2011 ; Stone et al , 2017 ; Viitanen et al , 2017 ; Gonzalez-Pech et al , 2019 ; Keyter et al , 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterizing the Chemical Profile of Incidental Ultrafine Particles for Toxicity Assessment Using an Aerosol Concentrator

Viana

Salmatonidis

Bezantakos

et al. 2021

Annals of Work Exposures and Health

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Incidental ultrafine particles (UFPs) constitute a key pollutant in industrial workplaces. However, characterizing their chemical properties for exposure and toxicity assessments still remains a challenge. In this work, the performance of an aerosol concentrator (Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System, VACES) was assessed to simultaneously sample UFPs on filter substrates (for chemical analysis) and as liquid suspensions (for toxicity assessment), in a high UFP concentration scenario. An industrial case study was selected where metal-containing UFPs were emitted during thermal spraying of ceramic coatings. Results evidenced the comparability of the VACES system with online monitors in terms of UFP particle mass (for concentrations up to 95 µg UFP/m3) and between filters and liquid suspensions, in terms of particle composition (for concentrations up to 1000 µg/m3). This supports the applicability of this tool for UFP collection in view of chemical and toxicological characterization for incidental UFPs. In the industrial setting evaluated, results showed that the spraying temperature was a driver of fractionation of metals between UF (<0.2 µm) and fine (0.2–2.5 µm) particles. Potentially health hazardous metals (Ni, Cr) were enriched in UFPs and depleted in the fine particle fraction. Metals vaporized at high temperatures and concentrated in the UF fraction through nucleation processes. Results evidenced the need to understand incidental particle formation mechanisms due to their direct implications on particle composition and, thus, exposure. It is advisable that personal exposure and subsequent risk assessments in occupational settings should include dedicated metrics to monitor UFPs (especially, incidental).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Chemical Profile of Incidental Ultrafine Particles for Toxicity Assessment Using an Aerosol Concentrator

Viana

Salmatonidis

Bezantakos

et al. 2021

Annals of Work Exposures and Health

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“…The nanoparticle fraction of welding fume is typically less than half the total mass [70], so nylon screens are effective in sampling welding fume for one-hour or less. Nylon screens were also used for area samples of metal gouging and lancing side-by-side with inhalable, thoracic and respirable samplers [74]. Nanoparticles averaged around 170 nm in fume during gouging and around 30 nm during lancing.…”

Section: It's All About the Size: How Should We Measure Exposure To Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Occupational Exposure Assessment of Aerosols

Harper

2020

IJERPH

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Exposure science is underpinned by characterization (measurement) of exposures. In this article, six recent advances in exposure characterization by sampling and analysis are reviewed as tools in the occupational exposure assessment of aerosols. Three advances discussed in detail are (1) recognition and inclusion of sampler wall deposits; (2) development of a new sampling and analytical procedure for respirable crystalline silica that allows non-destructive field analysis at the end of the sampling period; and (3) development of a new sampler to collect the portion of sub-300 nm aerodynamic diameter particles that would deposit in human airways. Three additional developments are described briefly: (4) a size-selective aerosol sampler that allows the collection of multiple physiologically-relevant size fractions; (5) a miniaturized pump and versatile sampling head to meet multiple size-selective sampling criteria; and (6) a novel method of sampling bioaerosols including viruses while maintaining viability. These recent developments are placed in the context of the historical evolution in sampling and analytical developments from 1900 to the present day. While these are not the only advances in exposure characterization, or exposure assessment techniques, they provide an illustration of how technological advances are adding more tools to our toolkit. The review concludes with a number of recommended areas for future research, including expansion of real-time and end-of-shift on-site measurement, development of samplers that operate at higher flow-rates to ensure measurement at lowered limit values, and development of procedures that accurately distinguish aerosol and vapor phases of semi-volatile substances.

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“…3,4 Studies have shown particle agglomerates produced by hot working processes typically range in size from 0.05 μm to 20 μm. 5 Amongst them, particles with a size smaller than pollutants, and has important guiding significance for ensuring the health of operators and reducing damage to the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Studies have shown particle agglomerates produced by hot working processes typically range in size from 0.05 μm to 20 μm. 5 Amongst them, particles with a size smaller than 10 μm can enter the human body through the respiratory system, which may cause serious injury to operators. 6–8 How to scientifically evaluate the diffusion process of the high-temperature particles is helpful for the control of such pollutants, and has important guiding significance for ensuring the health of operators and reducing damage to the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical research on transient transport of high-temperature particles associated with air gouging process

Han,

Zhuang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Indoor and Built Environment

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The high-temperature particles produced by air gouging processes are common pollutants in cleaning workshops, which could endanger workers’ health. In this research, a two-way coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method based on discrete phase modelling (DPM) was used to investigate the transport characteristics of high-temperature particles generated from air gouging processes. The particle group in the movement was divided into core zone and boundary zone, and the kinetic mechanism of particles in different zones was analysed. The results show particles in the boundary zone are more susceptible to the vortex entrainment effect than particles in the core zone, and some particles could be moved from the vortex diffusion zone to the vortex recirculation zone. The smaller the particle size, the better the followability to the hot airflow. The slower the temperature decay of particles, the more significant the thermophoresis effect, which could enhance the diffusion behaviour of the small particles. By analysing the average residence time of particles in the breathing zone, the influence of different factors on the average vertical diffusion height [Formula: see text] of particles is summarized, and a nonlinear regression prediction model of [Formula: see text] is established. The results can contribute to health risk assessment and industrial ventilation design.

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Particle size and metal composition of gouging and lancing fumes

Cited by 7 publications

References 97 publications

Characterizing the Chemical Profile of Incidental Ultrafine Particles for Toxicity Assessment Using an Aerosol Concentrator

Characterizing the Chemical Profile of Incidental Ultrafine Particles for Toxicity Assessment Using an Aerosol Concentrator

Recent Advances in Occupational Exposure Assessment of Aerosols

A numerical research on transient transport of high-temperature particles associated with air gouging process

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