“…As a result, LSSVM expresses model training in terms of solving a linear system instead of a quadratic programming problem, which thus reduces the computation time significantly. The LSSVM model showed the excellent performance in the various prediction fields, such as discharge-suspended sediment relationship modeling [25], heat flux prediction [26], seismic reliability assessment of structures [27], etc. In recent years, LSSVM gained more and more popularity for geotechnical forecasting [21,28].…”