Particulate Matter 10 (PM10) Is Associated with Epistaxis in Children and Adults

Kim, Kyung-Soo; Kwak, Il-Youp; Min, Hyun Jin

doi:10.3390/ijerph18094809

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…While our data suggest possible racial factors that could predispose patients to variations in AVM rates between patient groups, it is important to emphasize the central role genetic inheritance plays in HHT. HHT displays genetic heterogeneity mostly caused by mutations in the ENG , ACVRL1 and SMAD4 genes 23. ENG mutations have been associated with pulmonary and brain AVMs, ACVRL1 mutations are associated with hepatic AVMs, and SMAD4 has been associated with juvenile-polyposis syndrome and gastrointestinal bleeding, which was consistent in our study 21 26.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…With regards to a role between ambient pollution and epistaxis in patients with HHT, although one study demonstrated a positive relationship between epistaxis and PM10, our investigation did not find any association with epistaxis or any measure of air pollution through a multiple linear regression 23. However, our study did find significant differences in exposure to pollutants between racial groups, with particularly high AQI and PM10 exposures among those who identified as Hispanic or Latino.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

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Identifying racial disparities in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Yusuf

Rasheed

Kim

et al. 2022

J NeuroIntervent Surg

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BackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent epistaxis (nose bleeds), mucosal telangiectasias (spider veins), and arteriovenous malformations. Although HHT affects all racial groups, few studies have explored racial disparities among patients with HHT.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of HHT patients who were seen at a single academic center between July 1, 2014 and January 1, 2022. The primary outcomes of this study were the Epistaxis Severity Score (ESS) and the presence of pulmonary, cerebral, gastrointestinal, spinal, and hepatic arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We analyzed racial differences using t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables, and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. We then performed multivariable linear and logistic regressions on outcomes.ResultsOur review identified 35 Asian, 6 Black or African American, 72 Hispanic or Latino, and 244 White or Caucasian patients who met the inclusion criteria. Through an analysis of variance model, race/ethnicity was not significantly associated with ESS. Two univariable logistic regression models between race and both pulmonary and brain AVMs showed that race was associated with the incidence of pulmonary AVMs (p<0.01), with Asian patients at a 2.3-fold increased risk of pulmonary AVMs compared with White patients (p=0.03). Race was also associated with the incidence of cerebral AVMs (p<0.01) with Hispanic or Latino patients at a 4.8-fold increased risk compared with White patients (p<0.01).ConclusionPatients who identified as Asian may have higher rates of pulmonary AVMs while patients identifying as Hispanic or Latino may have more cerebral AVMs. The correlations may be important for identifying risk factors in certain patient populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Identifying racial disparities in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Yusuf

Rasheed

Kim

et al. 2022

J NeuroIntervent Surg

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“…Multiple factors, such as infection, allergy, trauma, use of anticoagulants, and hypertension, have been evaluated as risk factors for epistaxis ( 3 , 4 ). It has been suggested that environmental factors, such as meteorological factors and air pollutants, are important factors that are closely associated with the occurrence of epistaxis and hospital visits due to epistaxis ( 5 , 6 ). Nunez et al demonstrated that the monthly rate of admissions for epistaxis was closely associated with the monthly ambient temperature ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific associations between environmental factors and epistaxis

Ahn

Min²

2022

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveSeveral studies have demonstrated that environmental factors, such as meteorological factors and air pollutants, are closely associated with epistaxis. However, age-specific associations between environmental factors and epistaxis have not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between individual meteorological factors and air pollutants and epistaxis, by age.Study designA retrospective cohort study.SettingRecords of patients covered by the Korean National Health Insurance Service who visited our hospital for epistaxis between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2015, were retrospectively reviewed.MethodsThe 46,628 enrolled patients were divided into four age groups: age group 0 (<18 years, N = 19,580); age group 1 (18–40 years, N = 10,978); age group 2 (41–70 years, N = 13,395); and age group 3 (>70 years, N = 2,675). Cases of epistaxis and data on environmental factors were analyzed according to the day, month, and year. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify the environmental risk factors for epistaxis in each age group.ResultsAge group 0 had the highest number of patients with epistaxis, whereas age group 3 had the lowest. Relative humidity, temperature, concentrations of particulate matter (PM10) and sulfur dioxide, sunshine duration, and wind speed were significantly associated with the occurrence of epistaxis in the study population. However, analysis according to age group showed that the meteorological factors and air pollutants associated with epistaxis were different in each age group.ConclusionWe suggest that the environmental risk factors for epistaxis should be differentially analyzed according to age.

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“…Meteorological conditions and PM10 concentration were the exposure variables, and the data were obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration 75 ( https://web.kma.go.kr/eng/index.jsp ). Data on air pressure (hPa), wind speed (m/s), air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), sunshine duration (h), amount of solar radiation (MJ/m 2 ), number of clouds (cloud cover) (1/10), and PM10 concentration (μg/m 3 ) are daily reported, and we collected these daily reported data from January 1, 2015, to August 31, 2019, were analyzed 8 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humidity has likewise been linked to pediatric epistaxis 7 . In addition to meteorological factors, air pollutants such as PM10 have also been recently shown to be associated with the incidence of epistaxis in children 4 , 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children

Kwak

Kim

Min

2022

Sci Rep

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The differential effect of meteorological factors and air pollutants on pediatric epistaxis in younger and older children has not been evaluated. We evaluated the distribution of pediatric epistaxis cases between younger (0–5 years) and older children (6–18 years). Subsequently, we assessed and compared the effects of meteorological variables and the concentration of particulate matter measuring ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM10) on hospital epistaxis presentation in younger and older children. This retrospective study included pediatric patients (n = 326) who presented with spontaneous epistaxis between January 2015 and August 2019. Meteorological conditions and PM10 concentration were the exposure variables, and data were obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration 75. The presence and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations per day were considered outcome variables. Air temperature, wind speed, sunshine duration, and PM10 concentration in younger children, and sunshine duration and air pressure in older children, significantly correlated with the presence of and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations per day. The PM10 concentration was not a significant factor in older children. Thus, meteorological factors and PM10 concentration may differentially affect epistaxis in younger (0–5-year-olds) and older (6–18-year-olds) children. Risk factors for pediatric epistaxis should be considered according to age.

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Particulate Matter 10 (PM10) Is Associated with Epistaxis in Children and Adults

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Identifying racial disparities in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Identifying racial disparities in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Age-specific associations between environmental factors and epistaxis

Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children

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