Particulate Matter Emissions from a Coal-Fired Power Plant

Abstract

Particulate matter emissions of filterable particulate matter (FPM), condensible PM (CPM), PM10, and PM2.5 at FGD inlet and stack in a coal-fired power plant were measured by EPA method 201A and method 202. The results indicated that emissions of total particulate matter (TPM) are 40.99mg/m 3 and 120.58mg/m 3 , and the filterable PMs are the highest emissions at both sampling locations which accounted for 76.3% and 75.4% of TPM, the PM10 are 14.73mg/m 3 and 88.23 mg/m 3 , the PM2.5 are 3.17mg/m 3 and 52.15mg/m 3 at FGD inlet and stack, respectively. The concentration of PMs in flue gas increases significantly after the flue gas passing through the FGD unit. The increase values of PM10/FPM and PM2.5/FPM ratios are 106% and 266%, respectively, but the CPM/TPM ratio is almost at the same level (23.7~24.6mg/m 3 ) after the flue gas passing through the FGD. The test indicated that FGD operation has a significant effect on particulate matters emission due to releasing finer particles and part volatile metals in FGD slurry. Some measures should be taken to control PM emissions for a utility boiler equipped with FGD unit.

Effects of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization and Wet Electrostatic Precipitators on Emission Characteristics of Particulate Matter and Its Ionic Compositions from Four 300 MW Level Ultralow Coal-Fired Power Plants

“…Particle size distributions from CFPPs have been examined in several studies. − Zhao et al developed an emission factor database of Chinese CFPPs based on field measurements and reference data investigations. They pointed out that the uncertainties of PM emission factors (EFs) generally increased from coarse to PM 2.5 .…”

“…For P-2 installed with FF, the percentages of three particle size fractions are 10% for PM 2.5 , 55% for PM 10−2.5 , and 35% for PM >10 at the WFGD inlet (FF outlet) in this study, similar to those reported by Yi et al, 57 while the corresponding percentages are 9%, 62%, and 29%, respectively. Lu et al 58 showed that PM 2.5 and PM 10 mass concentrations are 3.1 ± 1.7 mg/(N m 3 ) and 14.7 ± 9.9 mg/(N m 3 ), and the corresponding proportions of PM emissions are approximately 10% and 50% at WFGD inlet, respectively.…”

Field Studies on the Removal Characteristics of Particulate Matter and SOx in Ultra-Low Emission Coal-Fired Power Plant

“…About 47.5% limestone particles and 7.9% gypsum particles were found in the fine particles at the outlet of WFGD. Lu et al [14] found that the concentration of Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ions increased significantly after WFGD. Mg and Ca are the main components of WFGD desulfurization slurry.…”

Evaluating Airborne Condensable Particulate Matter Measurement Methods in Typical Stationary Sources in China

“…The FPM consists of particles directly emitted as a condensed phase under stack conditions, while the CPM refers to materials in the vapor phase (e.g., SO 3 , HCl, NH 3 , alkanes, aromatic compounds, esters, and other volatile organic compounds) under stack conditions that condense into solid or liquid particles (e.g., SO 4 2– , Cl – , NH 4 + , and organic matter) after being emitted into ambient air. − The uptake of these gaseous precursors increases the water-soluble ion and organic matter concentrations in the CPM. As the FPM has been controlled effectively in recent years, the CPM emissions from stationary sources have aroused worldwide attention. − Field tests indicate that neglecting the CPM underestimates the actual total PM emissions as the CPM has been confirmed to contribute to the total PM concentration emitted from stationary sources. − …”