Partition coefficients for fatty acid esters in supercritical fluid CO<sub>2</sub> with and without ethanol

Nilsson, William; Seaborn, Gloria T.; Hudson, J. K.

doi:10.1007/bf02636055

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Probably, the EtOH dissolved in the SC-CO 2 results in the higher solubility of EE in the extraction medium. This supposition accords with the results presented by Nilsson and coworkers (16). They investigated partition coefficients (concentration of component i in the CO 2 phase/concentration of component i in the liquid phase) for fatty acid EE in SC-CO 2 with and without EtOH and found that the addition of EtOH increased the partition coefficients for all fatty acid EE studied.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Gunnlaugsdóttir

Sivik

1997

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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A combined process of lipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) catalysis and extraction of product with supercritical carbon dioxide was studied. The effect of different flow rates of the extraction fluid on the selective removal of the ethyl esters (EE) synthesized in a lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis of cod liver oil with ethanol was investigated. The faster the flow rate, the faster the extraction rate and the higher the recovery of EE. For example, after a 270-min extraction, the total recovery of EE was 1520 mg for a flow rate of 0.3 liter carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure and room temperature/min (NL/min) as compared to 250 mg when 0.015 NL/min was used. The concentration of EE in the carbon dioxide was found to decrease with increasing flow rate, which indicates that the rate of diffusion of EE limits their extraction at fast flow rates. A high flow rate was found to result in a more selective extraction of EE, i.e., less amounts of other lipid components present in the reaction mixture were coextracted with the EE. Further, by increasing the flow rate, the equilibrium of the reaction was shifted slightly toward ester synthesis. An increase in the flow rate from 0.015 to 0.075 NL/min resulted in an approximately 10% increase in total conversion (from 73 to 82%), whereas only a negligible increase was obtained when the flow rate was increased further to 0.15 NL/min. FIG. 3. Effect of flow rate on the concentration of EE in carbon dioxide. Symbols and abbreviation as in Figure 2.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Gunnlaugsdóttir

Sivik

1997

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…Liang and Yeh [5] determined the solubility of a modelled fish-like mixture of FAEEs, which varied from 1.7 to 121 mg/g CO 2 , for solvent densities of 342 and 723 kg/m 3 , respectively. Although some general similarities can be found among results reported in the literature, data concerning individual solubility and solvent selectivity differ for each fatty acid ethyl ester when comparing results obtained for oils from different sources [6], accordingly the behaviour of individual components has been suggested to depend on the overall mixture composition [3]. Since oil composition affects these parameters, new solubility and selectivity data must be obtained when a new raw material is studied, in order to ensure the proper design of a supercritical fractionation method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Selectivity of Supercritical CO₂ in the Fractionation of Hake Liver Oil Ethyl Esters

Jachmanián

Margenat

Torres

et al. 2007

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The solubility of different ethyl esters derivatized from hake liver oil in supercritical carbon dioxide was studied. A selectivity factor was used to determine optimal conditions to fractionate the ethyl ester mixture. A strong influence of solvent pressure and temperature was observed within8.63-18.04 MPa and 40-70°C. The lowest total solubility of the ethyl ester mixture was obtained when using supercritical carbon dioxide at the lowest density (the lowest pressure and the highest temperatures value tested). The highest discrimination against long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g. EPA and DHA) was also obtained at these above conditions. Conversely, higher solubility and lower selectivity were obtained when solvent density increased. Considering this inverse correlation between selectivity and solubility, a single-step batch-fractionation process was designed to increase the 22:6 ethyl ester content from an initial value of 17.5% in the starting material to 55% in the final extract.

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“…El objetivo fue obtener ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, omega-3, a los cuales se les atribuye importantes beneficios para la salud. La destilación a vacío utilizada normalmente en procesos de concentración y separación requiere altas temperaturas que conllevan a alteraciones o descomposiciones de los áci-dos grasos (Nilsson et al, 1992).…”

Section: Extracción Y Fraccionamiento De Lípidosunclassified

“…Otros estudios se han centrado en determinar la solubilidad de ácidos grasos y triglicéridos en dióxido de carbono (Bamberger et al, 1988;Nilsson et al, 1992). También fue estudiada la solubilidad de diferentes ácidos: esteárico y oleico y triglicéridos como tributirina, tripalmitina, triestearina, trioleína y trilinoleína en un intervalo de temperaturas de 40 o C -80ºC y presiones de 80 a 250 bar (Chrastil, 1982).…”

Section: Extracción Y Fraccionamiento De Lípidosunclassified

Aplicaciones de los Fluidos Supercríticos en la Agroindustria

2007

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* autor a quien debe ser dirigida la correspondencia ResumenEsta presenta una revisión sobre el uso del dióxido de carbono supercrítico como solvente para la extracción de compuestos bioactivos presentes en vegetales de actual y potencial uso, en procesos de la agroindustria. Se hace una descripción de la extracción con soxhlet, la cual se usa para evaluar el rendimiento en extracto y en tiempo de extracción, de los métodos tradicionales y recientes de extracción. Se describe la extracción con fluidos supercríticos, se muestran condiciones de operación y se nombran algunos principios bioactivos extraídos de diferentes materias primas vegetales, reportados en la literatura internacional. Para una mejor descripción de las aplicaciones de los fluidos supercríticos en la agroindustria, estas se clasifican en cinco grupos bien diferenciados. Esto permite formarse una idea global clara sobre las posibilidades que ofrecen los fluidos supercríticos para mejorar la competitividad de la agroindustria. Palabras claves: dióxido de carbono, extracción supercrítica, extracción soxhlet, agroindustria Applications of Supercritical Fluids in the Agroindustry AbstractA review on the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent for the bioactive compounds extraction present in vegetables of current and potential use in agroindustrial processes is presented. A description of the extraction with soxhlet, which is used to evaluate the yield in extract and in extraction time of traditional and modern extraction methods is done. Extraction with supercritical fluids is described, operation conditions are showed and bioactive principles extracted from different vegetables raw material reported in the international literature are described. To better described the applications of supercritical fluids in the agroindustry, these are classified in five well defined groups. This allows to get a clear global idea about the possibilities offered by the supercritical fluids to improve the competitiveness of the agroindustry.

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Partition coefficients for fatty acid esters in supercritical fluid CO₂ with and without ethanol

Cited by 33 publications

References 18 publications

Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Selectivity of Supercritical CO₂ in the Fractionation of Hake Liver Oil Ethyl Esters

Aplicaciones de los Fluidos Supercríticos en la Agroindustria

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Partition coefficients for fatty acid esters in supercritical fluid CO2 with and without ethanol

Cited by 33 publications

References 18 publications

Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 1: Influence of flow rate

Selectivity of Supercritical CO2 in the Fractionation of Hake Liver Oil Ethyl Esters

Aplicaciones de los Fluidos Supercríticos en la Agroindustria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Partition coefficients for fatty acid esters in supercritical fluid CO₂ with and without ethanol

Selectivity of Supercritical CO₂ in the Fractionation of Hake Liver Oil Ethyl Esters