Partner Violence Entrapment Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing

Abstract

This article describes the development and testing of the psychometric properties of the Partner Violence Entrapment Scale (PVES), an instrument that evaluates the women's perceived reasons for staying in violent partner relationships. After initial pilot testing, the scale was administered to 213 Spanish women who were victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). An exploratory factor analysis identified six factors: Socio-Economic Problems, Attachment and Fear of Loneliness, Blaming Oneself and Resignation, Impact on Children, Fear of Harm and Worry for the Partner, and Feelings of Confusion. Discriminant validity was established by demonstrating associations between PVES factors and socio-demographic, clinical and abuse variables. The scale appears to be a useful assessment tool for social and clinical settings. Its factor structure, reliability, and validity need to be replicated in other populations and samples.

Intimate partner violence against women: systematic review of current typologies, methodologies and topics in its research

“…(223) En cuanto a las variables en la salud mental, se encontró que los trastornos psiquiátricos son de las consecuencias más estudiadas, como la depresión (76,8 %) y la ansiedad (63,5 %), en comparación con mujeres que no experimentan violencias (17,8 %) (39 %) respectivamente. (32) Otros estudios, dieron relevancia a consecuencias psicológicas, como miedo al daño, (181) relevante de estudiar, por asociarse con la permanencia de mujeres en relaciones abusivas. Otras variables analizadas fueron la baja autestima y autoculpa, (153) alteración en los ciclos del sueño, irritabilidad y llanto, (70) dificultad para realizar actividades laborales; (113) las cuales constituyen indicadores de disminución del bienestar.…”

Parenting in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence: Understanding Mothers’ Perceptions

“…The concept of parenting capacity often focuses the intervention research intended to address mental and physical health consequences among survivors of IPV (Delker et al, 2020) on remedial parenting programs, with the aim of helping them to learn to "parent better," or leads clinicians to refer survivors to these types of programs. In such cases, there is little to no acknowledgment of the social and structural forces that trap women in abusive partnerships, such as poverty (Torres et al, 2016).…”

System Entrapment: Dehumanization While Help-Seeking for Suicidality in Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence

“…Abuser Entrapment is reinforced by cycle of violence, a well-known model describing patterns of partner abuse through a vicious cycle of tension build up, violence, and reconciliation that feels nearly impossible to escape (Walker, 1984). In addition, the Partner Violence Entrapment Scale, a tool that assess women's decision to leave an abusive relationship, acknowledges the state of being trapped in an abusive relationship (Torres et al, 2016), thereby supporting the meaning of Abuser Entrapment.…”