Passive immunization against inhibin increases testicular blood flow in male goats

Samir, Haney; Sayed, Mohamed; Nagaoka, Kentaro; Sasaki, Kenji; El‐Maaty, Amal M. Abo; Karen, Aly; Abou-Ahmed, M.M.; Watanabe, Gen

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.12.022

“…blood ow plays important role in the physiological functions of the testis. Many literatures reported close relationships between testicular blood perfusion and the potential animal's fertility(Samir et al 2020c(Samir et al , 2021. Under eld circumstances, Doppler assessment of testicular hemodynamics requires high caution, and tranquilization may be needed to prevent injuries from kicks and ensure the safety ofthe examiner, animal, and Doppler device altogether (Araujo and Ginther 2009; Mandour et al 2021; Samir et al 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of xylazine sedation on testicular blood flow, testicular echotexture, and circulating hormones in Shiba goats

Samir

¹

,

Mandour

²

,

Radwan

³

et al. 2022

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Under eld conditions, sedation may be required for a full assessment of the reproductive potential of farm animals. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of xylazine sedation on testicular hemodynamics (TBF), echotexture, testicular volume (TV), and circulating hormones in goats. Sixteen male Shiba goats were sedated using the recommended dose of xylazine (0.05 mg/Kg BW). Testicular hemodynamics were evaluated using color pulsed Doppler ultrasonography before and after sedation. Echotexture of the testicular parenchyma and TV were assessed using computerized image analysis.Concentrations of testosterone, estradiol (E2), inhibin, cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured using radioimmunoassay. There were no effects of xylazine sedation in TBF, TV, testicular parenchyma parameters, testosterone, inhibin, FSH, and LH (P 0.05). However, after sedation, there was signi cantly (P 0.05) lower cortisol and E2 concentration (42.88 ± 6.79 ng/ml and 2.47 ± 0.58 pg/ml, respectively) than before sedation (94.89 ± 13.74 ng/ml and 8.65 ± 1.79 pg/ml, respectively). The required time to perform full scanning of the testis was signi cantly lower (8.50 ± 1.50 min) after xylazine sedation compared to the non-sedated goats (25.75 ± 4.57 min). In conclusion, xylazine sedation may be practically recommended for the evaluation of TBF in goats because it did not signi cantly alter velocities parameters and Doppler indices of blood ow within the testicular arteries. Most plasma hormones did not signi cantly change; however, E2 and cortisol were signi cantly reduced after xylazine administration.

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“…Most studies on bucks (Samir et al 2015 , 2018 , 2020a , b ; Mandour et al 2020 ) and stallions (Pozor and McDonnell 2004 ) have revealed lack of significant differences between the right and left testes in terms of pulsed-wave Doppler indices. Similar results were obtained in Dorper rams (Camela et al 2017 ) and Barki Egyptian rams (Elbaz et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Characterizations Of Tbf In Various Anim...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated insight on testicular hemodynamics: Environmental, physiological, and technical perspectives in farm and companion animals

Samir

¹

,

El-Sayed

²

,

Radwan

³

et al. 2022

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In all organs, control of blood flow is important but might be particularly critical for testicular functions. This is because of the very low oxygen concentration and high metabolic rate of the seminiferous tubules, the physiological temperature of the testis, and its location outside the abdominal cavity. Many factors affect the characteristics of TBF in farm and companion animals, such as environment (thermal and seasonal effects) and physiological (species, breeds, age, body weight, and sexual maturity). Thermal environment stress has detrimental effects on spermatogenesis and consequently has more serious impacts on both human and animal fertility. Numerous studies have been performed to assess TBF in different animal species including bulls, rams, bucks, alpacas, stallions, and dogs with varied results. Hence, assessment of TBF by Doppler ultrasonography is of great importance to estimate the effect of high environment temperature on testicular functions. Also, differences observed in the TBF may result from different technical aspects such as the identification of the segment of the testicular artery to be examined. In the current review, we focused on the imperative roles of TBF in various animal species. Besides, we discussed in detail various factors that could affect TBF. These factors can significantly modify the TBF and thus should be considered when establishing reference values in farm animals for better clinical diagnosis. The information provided in this review is valuable for researchers and veterinarians to help them a better understanding of testicular hemodynamics for the proper evaluation of breeding soundness examination in males.

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“…Many reports have indicated close relationships between TBF and potential male fertility [12][13][14][15]. The pulsed Doppler ultrasonography is considered a helpful diagnostic aid to assess the reproductive performance and diagnose many infertility disorders of male domestic animals [14,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Alterations in Testicular Hemodynamics and Echotexture in Relation to Semen Quality in Buffalo Bulls

Samir

¹

,

El‐Sherbiny

²

,

El-Shalofy

³

2023

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The present study is aimed at investigating the usefulness of the pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography for the characterization of testicular blood flow in buffaloes during the nonbreeding and breeding seasons. Ten Egyptian buffalo bulls were evaluated for changes in the blood flow (Doppler’s indices: resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI)) at the levels of supratesticular (STA) during the breeding (winter) and nonbreeding season (summer). The alterations in testicular parenchyma echotexture (pixel intensity (PIX) and echotexture heterogeneity (EH)) were assessed by computer analysis software. Circulating testosterone and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured colorimetrically. Sperm parameters including total and progressive motility %, viability %, morphology %, and concentrations were assessed. Results revealed lower values ( p < 0.05 ) of RI ( 0.55 ± 0.02 ) and PI ( 0.82 ± 0.03 ) within the STA in the breeding period compared to the nonbreeding period (RI: 0.67 ± 0.03 ; PI: 0.99 ± 0.01 ). Higher ( p < 0.05 ) PIX and EH were found in the nonbreeding season (PIX: 72.09 ± 1.81 ; EH: 14.99 ± 1.37 ) compared to the breeding season (PIX: 60.95 ± 1.51 ; EH: 11.75 ± 0.63 ). Concentrations of testosterone and TAC were not significantly changed. However, the concentrations of NO were greater ( p < 0.05 ) during the breeding season ( 78.21 ± 0.87 ) compared to those of the nonbreeding one ( 59.74 ± 2.97 ). Total motility %, progressive motility %, viability %, and sperm concentrations were higher during the breeding season compared to that during the nonbreeding season ( p < 0.05 ). In conclusion, seasonality alters testicular hemodynamics and echotexture, NO concentrations, and sperm quality in buffaloes without alterations in the testosterone and TAC levels.

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Passive immunization against inhibin increases testicular blood flow in male goats

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of xylazine sedation on testicular blood flow, testicular echotexture, and circulating hormones in Shiba goats

Effect of xylazine sedation on testicular blood flow, testicular echotexture, and circulating hormones in Shiba goats

An updated insight on testicular hemodynamics: Environmental, physiological, and technical perspectives in farm and companion animals

Seasonal Alterations in Testicular Hemodynamics and Echotexture in Relation to Semen Quality in Buffalo Bulls

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