Passive surveillance for shrimp pathogens in Penaeus vannamei submitted from 3 regions of Latin America

Intriago, Pablo; Medina, Andrés; Cercado, Nicole; Arteaga, Kelly; Montenegro, Alejandra; Burgos, Milena; Espinoza, Jorge; Brock, James A.; McIntosh, Robins; Flegel, Tim

doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102092

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Of all pathogens that were analysed by PCR, the only key differences between the LBS and healthy zoea were the detection of Vibrio and more abundant RLB in the diseased zoea. The presence of the WzSV8 virus in the healthy zoea requires more study; this RNA virus has been found in a wide range of different environments and regions including wild broodstock, and its effect in penaeid production needs to be the subject of further studies [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Las Bolitas Syndrome in Penaeus vannamei Hatcheries in Latin America

Intriago,

Montiel,

Valarezo

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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In September 2023, several hatcheries in Latin America experienced significant mortality rates, up to 90%, in zoea stage 2 of Penaeus vannamei. Observations of fresh mounts revealed structures resembling lipid droplets, similar to those seen in a condition known as “las bolitas syndrome”. Routine histopathological examinations identified detached cells and tissues in the digestive tracts of affected zoea, contrasting with the typical algal cell contents seen in healthy zoea. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for over 20 known shrimp pathogens indicated minimal differences between diseased and healthy batches. Both groups tested negative for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) but positive for Vibrio species and Rickettsia-like bacteria in the diseased samples. Histological analyses of the affected zoea revealed characteristic tissue degeneration in the hepatopancreas, forming spheres that eventually migrated into the upper gut, midgut, and midgut caeca, a pathology identified as bolitas syndrome (BS). Microbiological assessments revealed Vibrio species at concentrations of 106 CFU zoea/g in affected zoea, approximately two orders of magnitude higher than in healthy zoea. Bacterial isolation from both healthy and BS-affected zoea on thiosulphate–citrate–bile salts–sucrose (TCBS) agar and CHROMagar™ (Paris, France), followed by identification using API 20E, identified six strains of Vibrio alginolyticus. Despite similarities to “las bolitas syndrome” in fresh mounts, distinct histopathological differences were noted, particularly the presence of sloughed cells in the intestines and variations in hepatopancreatic lobes. This study highlights the critical need for further research to fully understand the etiology and pathology of bolitas syndrome in zoea stage 2 of P. vannamei to develop effective mitigation strategies for hatchery operations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%