Patent Foramen Ovale Closure

Percutaneous closure of the patent foramen ovale: A cardiological perspective

“…Add to this a patient who had a stroke and knows that there is a "hole" in his/her heart and one can understand that it makes for an emo- future of PFO closure may hinge on these considerations more than other. (62) At present it seems that PFO closure may be of benefit, although unproven, in patients with PFO and atrial septal aneurysm with a history of: cryptogenic stroke (especially if <55 years); recurrent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism; existence of contra-indications to anticoagulation; large shunts; and in commercial divers. These are only suggestions and not recommendations or guidelines.…”