Pathogenic Roles for Fungal Melanins

Jacobson, Eric S.

doi:10.1128/cmr.13.4.708-717.2000

Cited by 376 publications

(297 citation statements)

References 104 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

279

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, future studies are needed to investigate this hypothesis. In many instances, microbial resistance to hostile environment is directly associated with dark pigmented polymers (Henson et al, 1999, Jacobson, 2000. Melanized cells are more resistant to hydrolytic enzymes, oxidative radicals, high temperatures, antifungals, and host defenses (Nosanchuck andCasadevall, 2003, Henson et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiosis and dark-pigments secretion by the phytopathogenic and environmental fungal species after interaction in vitro with a Bacillus subtilis isolate

Machado

Vivi

Tavares

et al. 2010

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiosis and dark-pigments secretion by the phytopathogenic and environmental fungal species after interaction in vitro with a Bacillus subtilis isolate

Machado

Vivi

Tavares

et al. 2010

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Melanizing intermediates are cross-linking reagents and melanization stabilizes the external cell wall of the fungus against hydrolysis and is thought to determine semi permeability. Polymeric melanins undergo reversible oxidationreduction reactions between cell wall-penetrating quinone and hydroquinone oxidation states and thus also represent polymeric redox buffers [4]. Animal studies suggest that co-infections skewing the immune system to a Th2-type response enhance eumycetoma susceptibility [5].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Dematiaceous Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Grain Eumycetoma Revisited: Enhanced Fungal Isolation by Use of a Novel Technique

Hazra¹

2017

JBMOA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Dematiaceous fungi or brown-black fungi distributed worldwide are being increasingly recognized as pathogens of importance. Found in soil, they have unique pathogenic mechanisms owing to the presence of melanin in their cell walls, which imparts the characteristic dark color to their spores and hyphae. Eumycetoma is a common, chronic, granulomatous infection that is present worldwide and endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. Black grain eumycetoma accounts for about 95% of eumycetomas in India. Isolation of the causative fungus from the coloured grains in the laboratory is an arduous task resulting in empirical treatment. At present, clear evidence based treatment recommendations are unavailable and it becomes pertinent to identify, isolate and speciate the causative fungus so that appropriate treatment can be instituted for complete resolution.Objective: This article revisits black grain mycetoma in the larger spectrum of phaeohyphomycosis, describes four patients with black grain mycetoma and elaborates on a novel technique developed in our laboratory for assured isolation of fungi from eumycotic "grains".Clinical management: All four patients gave a clinical history of mycetoma, having observed intermittent discharge of black grains from lesions. Processing of grains was comprehensively carried out with direct KOH preparation, mycological analysis of the grains and histology. All patients were started on oral itraconazole 200-400 mg twice daily, post wide excision of soft tissue that resulted in near complete regression of the lesion. Summary:Timely identification of the fungal isolate based on grain morphology and culture in a setting where molecular setup and techniques are not available is crucial to ensure guided therapy and best clinical outcomes for the patient.

show abstract

“…La melanina, factor de virulencia más importante (12,14,15), elimina los radicales libres que producen las células fagocíticas con su estrés oxidativo, haciéndolas resistentes a fagocitosis y se une a enzimas hidrolíti-cas previniendo su acción en las membranas (14), lo que puede explicar su potencial patogénico en inmunocompetentes.…”

Section: Patogénesisunclassified

Feohifomicosis, una infección fúngica oportunista emergente

Gómez

Cardona‐Castro

2016

CES Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumenLas feohifomicosis comprenden un grupo de infecciones causadas por hongos pigmentados, negros o dematiáceos. En las últimas dos décadas se ha incrementado la frecuencia de reportes y la diversidad de los agentes etiológicos implicados, especialmente en los individuos inmunosuprimidos. Los principales géneros involucrados incluyen Alternaria, Bipolaris, Cladophialophora y Exophiala. Estos hongos típicamente se encuentran en el suelo y son introducidos al cuerpo a través de la inhalación o el trauma. El espectro de las enfermedades asociadas también se ha ampliado e incluye infecciones cutáneas superficiales y profundas, enfermedad alérgica, neumonía, abscesos cerebrales e infección diseminada. El diagnóstico de laboratorio está basado en las características morfológicas de los agentes según lo observado en el examen microscópico directo y la histopatología. El tratamiento es a menudo difícil y depende del síndrome clínico. No hay terapias estandarizadas, pero voriconazol, posaconazol e itraconazol han demostrado la actividad in vitro más consistente contra este grupo de hongos. La rareza de estas micosis justifica describir las características clínicas, epidemiológicas y diagnósticas para ayudar a un reconocimiento inmediato y un tratamiento oportuno.Palabras clave: Feohifomicosis, Dematiáceos, Feohifomicosis subcutánea, Infecciones oportunistas, Agentes antifúngicos. AbstractPhaeohyphomycosis comprises a group of infections caused by black pigmented or dematiaceous fungi. In the last two decades the frequency of reporting and diversity of etiologic agents involved have increased, especially in immunosuppressed individuals. The main genera involved include Alternaria, Bipolaris, Cladophialophora and Exophiala. These fungi are typically found in the soil and introduced through inhalation or trauma. The spectrum of associated diseases also has broadened and includes superficial and deep cutaneous infections, allergic disease, pneumonia, brain abscess and disseminated infection. The laboratory diagnosis is based on the morphological characteristics of the agents as observed by direct microscopic examination and histopathology. Treatment is often challenging and depends upon

show abstract

Pathogenic Roles for Fungal Melanins

Cited by 376 publications

References 104 publications

Antibiosis and dark-pigments secretion by the phytopathogenic and environmental fungal species after interaction in vitro with a Bacillus subtilis isolate

Antibiosis and dark-pigments secretion by the phytopathogenic and environmental fungal species after interaction in vitro with a Bacillus subtilis isolate

Black Grain Eumycetoma Revisited: Enhanced Fungal Isolation by Use of a Novel Technique

Feohifomicosis, una infección fúngica oportunista emergente

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About