Pathological factors, behavior, and histological prognostic risk groups in subtypes of penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

Sánchez, Diego F.; Soares, Fernando Augusto; Alvarado‐Cabrero, Isabel; Cañete, Sofía; Fernández‐Nestosa, María José; Rodrı́guez, Ingrid; Barreto, José; Cubilla, Antonio L.

doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2014.12.017

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Poorly differentiated carcinomas show focally unusual histologic features such as solid, trabecular, sarcomatoid, or clear cell. 20 21 In our study, the incidence rate of ILNM was 58.2% and this was higher than 30%–40% in previous studies. 21 One of the reasons leading to this result may be delayed treatment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

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Histological subtype is a significant predictor for inguinal lymph node metastasis in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma

Wang

Gao

et al. 2018

Asian J Androl

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The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between histopathological subtype and the probability of inguinal lymph node metastasis (ILNM) in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). The clinical records of 198 consecutive patients with PSCC were analyzed retrospectively. Primary lesions were reevaluated according to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) histopathological classification. We retrieved the clinicopathological factors from the medical records including age, clinical lymph node stage, pathological tumor stage, lymphatic invasion, and nerve invasion. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors of ILNM. Multivariate analyses identified clinical lymph node stage (P = 0.000), pathological tumor stage (P = 0.016), histologic grade (P = 0.000), and risk group of histological subtypes (P = 0.029) as independent predictors for ILNM. Compared with the low-risk group of PSCC subtypes, the intermediate- (HR: 3.66, 95% CI: 1.30–10.37, P = 0.021) and high-risk groups (HR: 28.74, 95% CI: 2.37–348.54, P = 0.008) were significantly associated with ILNM. In conclusion, the histopathological subtype of the primary lesion is a significant predictor for ILNM in patients with PSCC.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“… 18 19 There are many pathologically based factors that are proved to be important in relation to the rate of ILNM. 7 20 However, the relationship is still uncertain between histopathological classification and ILNM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological subtype is a significant predictor for inguinal lymph node metastasis in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma

Wang

Gao

et al. 2018

Asian J Androl

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“…The majority of malignant tumours of the penis are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) with an overall good prognosis, except for some special subtypes that need to be identified for more aggressive treatment. Therapy is based primarily on pathological and staging parameters . Penile SCCs are morphologically, aetiologically and biologically heterogeneous.…”

Section: Histological Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therapy is based primarily on pathological and staging parameters. 1 Penile SCCs are morphologically, aetiologically and biologically heterogeneous. These characteristics form the basis for various classification schemes.…”

Section: Histological Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The World Health Organisation 2016 classification of penile carcinomas: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology expert‐driven recommendations

et al. 2018

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The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) held an expert-driven penile cancer conference in Boston in March 2015, which focused on the new World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of penile cancer: human papillomavirus (HPV)-related tumours and histological grading. The conference was preceded by an online survey of the ISUP members, and the results were used to initiate discussions. Because of the rarity of penile tumours, this was not a consensus but an expert-driven conference aimed at assisting pathologists who do not see these tumours on a regular basis. After a justification for the novel separation of penile squamous cell carcinomas into HPV-related and non-HPV-related-carcinomas, the histological classification of penile carcinoma was proposed; this system was also accepted subsequently by the WHO for subtyping of penile carcinomas (2016). A description of HPV-related neoplasms, which may be recognised by their histological features, was presented, and p16 was recommended as a surrogate indicator of HPV. A three-tier grading system was recommended for penile squamous carcinomas; this was also adopted by the WHO (2016). Many of the distinctive histological subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis are associated with distinct grades, based on the squamous cell carcinoma subtype histological features.

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“…Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for ~95% of all penile cancer cases, followed by a wide range of other malignancies such as basal cell carcinoma, penile sarcomas, melanoma, lymphoma and metastatic disease. SCC can be classified by microscopic histologic findings into several subtypes: usual type of SCC (45-65%), papillary carcinoma (2-15%), Warty/ condylomatous tumors (7-10%), basaloid carcinoma (4-10%), verrucous carcinoma (3-7%) and sarcomatoid (spindle cell) carcinoma (1-6%) (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penile carcinoma and HPV infection (Review)

Iorga¹,

Marcu

Diaconu

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

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Penile carcinoma is a relatively frequent health issue in the developing countries such as Africa, Asia and South America, usually affecting men aged between 50 and 70 years. It is a highly treatable disease in its early stages, but has serious physical and psychological consequences. Usually, penile carcinoma is located in the penile glans, in approximately half the cases, with the most frequent histological type being squamous cell carcinoma with its microscopic subtypes. A large number of risk factors have been reported for this disease, having a multifactorial etiology, HPV infection being one of the most important factors involved in its appearance. Out of the HPV DNA positive genital cancers HPV-16 is the most frequently found type in men, followed by HPV-18. The evolution of penile cancer includes two independent carcinogenic pathways, related or unrelated to HPV infection. There is limited data available in literature regarding HPV-related neoplasia, as well as on the efficacy of vaccination in men, with studies still ongoing.

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Pathological factors, behavior, and histological prognostic risk groups in subtypes of penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

Cited by 44 publications

References 44 publications

Histological subtype is a significant predictor for inguinal lymph node metastasis in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma

Histological subtype is a significant predictor for inguinal lymph node metastasis in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma

The World Health Organisation 2016 classification of penile carcinomas: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology expert‐driven recommendations

Penile carcinoma and HPV infection (Review)

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