Pathological Study of Experimentally Induced Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Viral Infection in Lambs

Masot, A. J.; Gómez-Tejedor, Concepción; Gómez, Luis; Gázquez, Antonio; Redondo, E.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1996.tb00310.x

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the presence of high levels of BRSV in dual infections with P. multocida (n = 14) and M. haemolytica (n = 21) indicates that BSRV may be the main pneumonia-inducing agent in naturally-infected calves for Pasteurella spp., similar to the results of studies on experimentally-infected calves (3). This result shows that BRSV is a potential cause of epithelial necrosis and hyperplasia, which could easily become predisposed to bacterial colonisation, as mentioned in previous studies (3, 26).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Pasteurella multocida, and Mannheimia haemolytica by immunohistochemical method in naturally-infected cattle

Yaman

Büyükbayram

Özyıldız

et al. 2018

Journal of Veterinary Research

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IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the predisposing effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on Pasteurella spp. infection in naturally-induced pneumonia in cattle by immunohistochemical labelling.Material and MethodsLungs of cattle slaughtered in the slaughterhouse were examined macroscopically, and 100 pneumonic samples were taken. The samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin by routine methods. Sections 5 μm in thickness were cut. The streptavidin-peroxidase method (ABC) was used to stain the sections for immuno-histochemical examination.ResultsBRSV antigens were found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoles and within inflammatory cell debris and inflammatory exudate in bronchial lumens. Pasteurella spp. antigens were detected in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of bronchi and bronchioles, and in cells in the lumens of bronchi and bronchioles. Eleven cases were positive for only one pathogen (six for BRSV and five for Pasteurella spp.), while 35 cases were positive for 2 pathogens: BRSV plus P. multocida (n = 21) or M. haemolytica (n = 14).ConclusionThe presence of high levels of BRSV in dual infections indicates that BSRV may be the main pneumonia-inducing agent and an important predisposing factor for the formation of Pasteurella spp. infections in cattle naturally afflicted with pneumonia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…cases positive for Pasturella spp. alone supports the presence of other predisposed viral infections (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Pasteurella multocida, and Mannheimia haemolytica by immunohistochemical method in naturally-infected cattle

Yaman

Büyükbayram

Özyıldız

et al. 2018

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…Sheep ( Ovis aries ) are susceptible to natural infection by ovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (bRSV; Masot et al., 1995, 1996). The last mentioned is responsible for severe infection in preterm lambs, with an age-dependent clearance of the virus, being this preterm lamb model a useful model of severe hRSV disease in the preterm infants (Meyerholz et al., 2004), and also in exploring disease mechanisms, therapeutic regimens, and risk factors (Derscheid and Ackermann, 2012).…”

Section: Large Animals Models: Lambsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Animal Models for Understanding the Pathology Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

et al. 2019

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The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the main etiologic agent of severe lower respiratory tract infections that affect young children throughout the world, associated with significant morbidity and mortality, becoming a serious public health problem globally. Up to date, no licensed vaccines are available to prevent severe hRSV-induced disease, and the generation of safe-effective vaccines has been a challenging task, requiring constant biomedical research aimed to overcome this ailment. Among the difficulties presented by the study of this pathogen, it arises the fact that there is no single animal model that resembles all aspects of the human pathology, which is due to the specificity that this pathogen has for the human host. Thus, for the study of hRSV, different animal models might be employed, depending on the goal of the study. Of all the existing models, the murine model has been the most frequent model of choice for biomedical studies worldwide and has been of great importance at contributing to the development and understanding of vaccines and therapies against hRSV. The most notable use of the murine model is that it is very useful as a first approach in the development of vaccines or therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, suggesting in this way the direction that research could have in other preclinical models that have higher maintenance costs and more complex requirements in its management. However, several additional different models for studying hRSV, such as other rodents, mustelids, ruminants, and non-human primates, have been explored, offering advantages over the murine model. In this review, we discuss the various applications of animal models to the study of hRSV-induced disease and the advantages and disadvantages of each model, highlighting the potential of each model to elucidate different features of the pathology caused by the hRSV infection.

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“…Co-infections that occur in HIV-1 infected individuals, such as thrush caused by Candida albicans, are good examples of polymicrobial diseases that result from this underlying condition. [56][57][58][59][60][61] . BRDC pathology results from the effects of pathogen and host virulence factors.…”

Section: Impaired Innate or Acquired Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing animal models for polymicrobial diseases

2004

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Polymicrobial diseases involve two or more microorganisms that act synergistically, or in succession, to mediate complex disease processes. Although polymicrobial diseases in animals and humans can be caused by similar organisms, these disease are often also caused by organisms from different kingdoms, genera, species, strains, substrains and even by phenotypic variants of a single species. Animal models are often required to understand the mechanisms of pathogenesis, and to develop therapies and prevention regimes. However, reproducing polymicrobial diseases of humans in animal hosts presents significant challenges.One virus suppresses the replication of another.the BVDV biotypes and can result in severe respiratory, enteric or reproductive disease. The severity of the disease depends on the relative virulence of the viral strain, physical and environmental stresses, and co-infection with another pathogen. Porcine co-viral diseases.Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) results from infection with the PRRS virus (PRRSV) followed by infection with a bacterial or viral co-pathogen. Co-infecting viruses include porcine coronavirus, swine influenza virus 22-24 and pseudorabies virus 25 . Different plaque variants of PRRSV can also co-infect a porcine host 26 . Porcine post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is due to co-infection of pigs with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) 27,28 . PCV-2 and PPV are thought to enter the host through tonsillar macrophages and viraemia results within 3 days of infection. PCV-2 and PPV can replicate in circulating peripheral monocytes and contribute to both cell-associated viraemia and viral distribution throughout lymphoid tissues 28 .

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Pathological Study of Experimentally Induced Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Viral Infection in Lambs

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Pasteurella multocida, and Mannheimia haemolytica by immunohistochemical method in naturally-infected cattle

Detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Pasteurella multocida, and Mannheimia haemolytica by immunohistochemical method in naturally-infected cattle

Current Animal Models for Understanding the Pathology Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Developing animal models for polymicrobial diseases

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