Pathology of oesophageal tumours

Syme-Grant, Nicola; Walsh, Shaun

doi:10.1383/surg.2006.24.3.85

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…(Lamb and Griffin, 2003;Syme-Grant and Walsh, 2006;Veuillez et al, 2007). If the cancer has not metastasized, the only effective treatment currently is surgical resection, with overall survival rates ranging from 20% to 50% at 5 years (Lamb and Griffin, 2003;Veuillez et al, 2007) but 50-60% of esophageal cancer patients have non-resectable tumors, and for these patients the 5-year survival rate is as low as 14% (Bird-Lieberman and Fitzgerald, 2007;Blum et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the cancer has not metastasized, the only effective treatment currently is surgical resection, with overall survival rates ranging from 20% to 50% at 5 years (Lamb and Griffin, 2003;Veuillez et al, 2007) but 50-60% of esophageal cancer patients have non-resectable tumors, and for these patients the 5-year survival rate is as low as 14% (Bird-Lieberman and Fitzgerald, 2007;Blum et al, 2007). Esophagectomy and subsequent reconstruction by re-connection to the stomach or replacement with a transplanted section of colon or jejunum is associated with high post-operative morbidity and significant complications (Lamb and Griffin, 2003;Syme-Grant and Walsh, 2006;Veuillez et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dependence of alignment direction on magnitude of strain in esophageal smooth muscle cells

Ritchie

Wijaya

Ong

et al. 2009

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The response of cells in vitro to mechanical forces has been the subject of much research using devices to exert controlled mechanical stimulation on cultured cells or isolated tissue. In this study, esophageal smooth muscle cells were seeded on flexible polyurethane membranes to form a confluent cell layer. The cells were then subjected to uniform cyclic stretch of varying magnitudes at a frequency of approximately five cycles per minute in a custom made mechatronic bioreactor, providing similar strains experienced in the in vivo mechanical environment of the esophagus. The results show that the orientation response is dependent on the magnitude of cyclic stretch applied. Smooth muscle cells showed parallel alignment to the force direction at low cyclic strains (2%) compared to the hill-valley morphology of static controls. At higher strains (5% and 10% magnitude), the cells exhibited a consistent alignment perpendicular to the strain. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the alignment direction's dependence on strain magnitude has been demonstrated. MTS analysis indicated that cell metabolism was reduced when mechanical strain was applied, and proliferation was inhibited by mechanical strain. Protein expression indicates a decrease in smooth muscle alpha-actin, indicative of changes in cell phenotype, an increase in vimentin, which is associated with increased cell motility, and an increase in desmin, indicating differentiation in stimulated cells.

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