Pathomorphological study on gastroduodenal ulceration in horses: Localisation of lesions

Abstract

Gastroduodenal ulceration is a prevalent disease in foals and adult horses. Decreased performance as well as fatal complications relate to this syndrome. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of gastric ulceration in a mixed population of horses by postmortem examination and to evaluate a possible association between equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) and sex or age of the examined horses, to evaluate the localisation of lesions in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract and to determine the occurrence of gastric parasites. Postmortem examinations were performed on 71 horses over a period of 24 months. Gastric ulcers were found in 52 horses (73.2%). There was no significant association between age or sex and occurrence of gastric ulcers. In all horses the squamous mucosa lesions were localised near the margo plicatus (100% of the cases), whereas in 23 horses the lesions were near the margo plicatus and lesser curvature and in 7 horses at the greater curvature. In 18 horses the mucosa was affected in the whole extent of the margo plicatus and in 1 horse diffuse lesions of the squamous mucosa were noted. Lesions of the glandular mucosa were localised in 11 horses at the fundic area, in 1 horse they occurred in the pylorus, and in 10 horses diffuse lesions of the glandular mucosa were recorded. A low prevalence of Gasterophilus intestinalis infection was detected (1 horse, 1.4%). We have confirmed that gastric ulcers are a common problem in horses and duodenal or oesophageal ulceration is rare (not a single case of the latter was found in this study). Lesions in the glandular mucosa of the stomach are more frequent in suckling foals than in older animals. Lesions of the glandular mucosa are also common in adult horses, and a complete gastroscopic examination including examination of the pylorus is advisable to evaluate this syndrome.

The influence of two lucerne-based forage feeds, FiberProtect® and FiberEdge® on Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in horses

“…There are two main types of EGUS; the rarer glandular form, which affects neonates and foals, and the predominant non-glandular form which affects adult horses (Bell et al, 2007). The prevalence of gastric ulceration in New Zealand Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses in training has been reported at 87% and 95% respectively, (Bell et al, 2007) and is comparable to the prevalence reported overseas (Bezdekova et al, 2007, Murray, 1997. Further studies have shown a high prevalence of EGUS in broodmares (le Jeune et al, 2009), endurance horses (Nieto et al, 2004) and show horses (McClure et al, 1999).…”

Esophago-gastroduodenal ulceration complicated by duodenal perforation in a three year old Thoroughbred colt: a case report

“…In adults ulceration of the glandular part of equine stomach mucosa (especially the antrum and pylorus) is increasingly being identified Begg and O'Sullivan, 2003;Bezdekova et al, 2007). In 1972 Orr reported perforation of a duodenal ulcer probably associated with Ascarid infection in a four month old colt.…”

Lesions of the gastric mucosa in adult horses of different disciplines: a review

“…In einer weiteren Studie wurde während eines Sektionszeitraum von 24 Monaten bei 73 % (52/71) einer gemischten Pferdepopulation Magenschleimhautläsionen als Nebenbefund festgestellt (Bezdekova et al 2007). …”

“…Die Gründe für die unterschiedlich hohen Prävalenzen bei Sandin et al (2000) und Bezdekova et al (2007) …”