Pathophysiologische Grundlagen obstruktiver Atemwegserkrankungen

Wt, Ulmer

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1106425

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This is confirmed by reports of pharmacological studies showing that hista mine-induced bronchospasm can be blocked by appropriate doses of an anticholinergic agent [Nolte, 1975;De Vries, 1975]. There is no evidence for assuming a different way of action of endogenously released or exo genously administered agents such as hista mine or acetylcholine [Szentivanyi, 1968;McCombs, 1972;Ulmer, 1975]. The nega tive effect of phentolamine in inhibiting bronchospasm after inhalation of allergen is a further support, as the allergens are sug gested to act in part in a similar way as histamine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Effect of an α-Adrenergic-Blocking Drug on Bronchodilation and Protection in Provocation Tests in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease, Bronchial Asthma, and in Non-Responders

Löllgen¹,

Nieding²,

Löllgen-Horres³

1977

Respiration

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The interplay of α-adrenergic receptors in the function of human bronchial muscle has been elucidated in recent papers. The present study was performed to evaluate the clinical significance of phentolamine in the treatment of airway obstruction. In 12 patients with reversible airway obstruction (8 with allergic bronchial asthma, 4 with chronic obstructive airways disease (COLD), the effect of combined administration of phentolamine and isoprenaline on bronchodilation was analyzed in a controlled cross-over study. Phentolamine was administered in a random order before (one day) or after (another day) isoprenaline. Airway resistance (Raw) decreased insignificantly after phentolamine, but decreased markedly after isoprenaline. Pretreatment with phentolamine did not intensify the bronchodilating effect of isoprenaline. In 4 subjects with COLD being non-responders to isoprenaline, administration of phentolamine prior to isoprenaline did not effect the bronchial reactivity. From this it is concluded that phentolamine does not reestablish the sensitivity of β-receptors in patients with COLD. In subjects, the protective effect of phentolamine was examined in allergene and acetylcholine challenge and compared to isoprenaline. In all the subjects, suffering from allergic bronchial asthma, phentolamine did not demonstrate any protective effect, whereas isoprenaline did. Though imbalance between α- and β-adrenergic receptors is suggested to play a role in airway obstruction, especially in allergic bronchial asthma, the present results point out that α-receptor-blocking drugs seem to be less suited in daily treatment of airways obstruction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Effect of an α-Adrenergic-Blocking Drug on Bronchodilation and Protection in Provocation Tests in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease, Bronchial Asthma, and in Non-Responders

Löllgen¹,

Nieding²,

Löllgen-Horres³

1977

Respiration

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“…The dominant role of vagus-controlled reflex bronchoconstriction in the pathogene sis of allergic bronchial asthma is well es tablished [Gold et al, 1972;Nadel, 1973;, It is likely that the parasympathetic nervous system, espe cially its afferent pathway, is also involved in a non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity which is independent of an actual antigen supply [Simonsson et al, 1967;Nadel, 1973;Ulmer, 1975;Zimmermann and Ul mer, in press]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tisation of vagal irritant receptors in the bronchial mucosa [Simonsson et al, 1967;Nadel, 1973;Ulmer, 1975]; (2) a reduced responsiveness of the ^-adrenergic system [Szentivanyi, 1968;Parker, 1973;Alston et al, 1974], and/or (3) the existence of an ac tivated a-adrenergic system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Alpha-Adrenergic Receptors in Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction

Beil¹,

Kock²

1978

Respiration

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The role of α-adrenergic receptors in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) was studied. 9 asthmatic patients with a marked degree of EIB (group I) and 6 asthmatic patients with no or a less severe EIB (group II) were investigated and compared with 8 healthy control persons. Pulse rate, airway resistance and end-expiratory thoracic gas volume were measured at rest and immediately and 15 min after exercise. Group I subjects showed a significant inhibition of EIB after α-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine (10 mg as aerosol) and after cholinergic blockade with an atropine-ester (60 mg as aerosol). In 7 of 9 patients who had received phentolamine, and in 3 of 6 patients who had received atropine-ester, the EIB was completely suppressed. In group II the administration of propranolol (40 mg orally) produced a significant increase in EIB. The effect of propranolol could be inhibited by the addition of α-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine (10 mg as aerosol). The control subjects had no measurable EIB, even after the administration of propranolol (40 mg orally). It is concluded that, in addition to the vagal system, an activated α-adrenergic system is involved in the phenomenon of EIB.

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“…ACH augel6st (Zimmermann et al 1980d;Ulmer 1979;Ulmer u. Islam 1974;Ulmer 1975 H i s t a m i n k o n z e n t r a t i o n k6nnen wir keine systemische Histaminwirkung an den peripheren Br0nchialmuskeln bzw. Dieses Ergebnis zeigt eindeutig, dab in das Blut freigesetztes Histamin nicht die Atemwegsobstruktion bedingt.…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Arterielle Plasma-Histaminkonzentration unter Allergen- und Acetylcholinkonzentration vor und nach Vagotomie

Zimmermann

Ulmer

1980

Res. Exp. Med.

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In allergic dogs ascaris extract (A.E.) inhalation and, to a less extent, acetylcholine inhalation cause a significant increase in the histamine concentration in the arterial plasma. A.E. and acetylcholine cause a similarly strong increase in Edyn. After bilateral vagotomy A.E. and acetylcholine inhalation entail only a minimal increase in Edyn. The increase in the arterial plasma histamine concentration is as strong as before vagotomy. The results support the assumption that both A.E. and acetylcholine act on the sensory receptors of the reflexway via a reflex mechanism. PO2a decreases as Edyn increases. However, after vagotomy PO2a still decreases significantly although Edyn changes hardly. A.E. and acetylcholine are assumed to have a direct effect on the non-vagus controlled peripheral airways. The peripheral airways are mainly responsible for changes in the arterial blood gases but show no effect on Edyn or airway resistance measurements.

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Pathophysiologische Grundlagen obstruktiver Atemwegserkrankungen

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of an α-Adrenergic-Blocking Drug on Bronchodilation and Protection in Provocation Tests in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease, Bronchial Asthma, and in Non-Responders

Effect of an α-Adrenergic-Blocking Drug on Bronchodilation and Protection in Provocation Tests in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease, Bronchial Asthma, and in Non-Responders

Role of Alpha-Adrenergic Receptors in Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction

Arterielle Plasma-Histaminkonzentration unter Allergen- und Acetylcholinkonzentration vor und nach Vagotomie

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