Patients with MAC Lung Disease Have a Low Visceral Fat Area and Low Nutrient Intake

Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to examine the nutritional status and nutrient intake of patients with MAC lung disease with a focus on visceral fat area. Patients and Methods. Among 116 patients of our hospital with nontuberculous mycobacteriosis who were registered between May 2010 and August 2011, 103 patients with MAC lung disease were included in this study. In all patients, nutritional status and nutrient intake were prospectively examined. Results. Patients were 23 men and 80 women (mean age, 72.3 ± 10.9 years). BMI (kg/m2) at the time of registration was 20.4 ± 2.7 in men and 19.2 ± 2.9 in women. Visceral fat area (cm2) was significantly lower in women (35.7 ± 26.6) than in men (57.5 ± 47.4) (p = 0.0111). The comparison with general healthy adults according to age revealed a markedly reduced visceral fat area among patients with MAC lung disease. With respect to nutrient intake, energy adequacy (86.1 ± 15.7%), protein adequacy (82.4 ± 18.2%), lipid adequacy (78.1 ± 21.8%), and carbohydrate adequacy (89.6 ± 19.2%) ratios were all low at the time of registration. BMI was significantly correlated with protein adequacy (p = 0.0397) and lipid adequacy (p = 0.0214) ratios, while no association was found between visceral fat area and nutrient intake. Conclusion. Patients with MAC lung disease had a low visceral fat area and low nutrient intake.

Changes in cholesterol level correlate with the course of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease

“…Several previous studies have assessed nutritional status in patients with PNTM disease (5,6). The BMI of patients with PNTM disease was lower than that of age-, sex-and race-matched controls or uninfected healthy controls in previous studies (4,23,24).…”

“…Gatfield et al demonstrated that murine macrophages depleted of cholesterol had a reduced capacity (5). Another possibility is that the disease progression may result in reduced cholesterol despite adequate nutrient intake.…”

“…PNTM disease frequently occurs in slender middleaged and older females (4). Patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease have a small visceral fat area and low nutrient intake (5). BMI as a marker for nutritional assessment is correlated with disease spread (6).…”

Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections: current state and future management

“…Low BMI was associated with PNTM and was a predictor of dissemination [159]. PNTM has also been associated with low visceral fat and low nutrient intake [160]. Low BMI and cholesterol levels were predictors of bad prognosis in another study [161].…”

“…• HIV [110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119] • Autoimmune diseases [120] • Cancer [121][122][123] • Immunosuppressive drugs [124][125][126][127][128][129] • Surgery [130][131][132][133] o Transplantation [134][135][136][137][138] • Age over 60 years old/Immunosenescence [139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151] • Malnutrition [152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159]…”