“…Previous research has been focusing on the impacts of local habitat characteristics in riparian regions on species diversity (Liang et al, 2018;Martin, McIntyre, Catterall, & Possingham, 2006), with many studies showing that bird richness was positively related to the width of riparian habitats (Hillman et al, 2016;Nimmo, Haslem, Radford, Hall, & Bennett, 2016;Shirley & Smith, 2005;Zimbres, Peres, & Machado, 2017) and the highly heterogeneous vegetation structure (Farley, Ellis, Stuart, & Scott, 1994;Gomez, Rivera, Politi, & Ruggera, 2016;Lynn et al, 1998), in which trees and/or woods are usually the most important. Complexity of landscape contexts in riparian strips attracts more bird species (Berduc, Lorenzon, & Beltzer, 2015;Nimmo et al, 2016;Terraube et al, 2016;Woinarski et al, 2000), whereas livestock grazing has negative effects on bird species richness (Ammon & Stacey, 1997;Dobkin, Rich, & Pyle, 1998;Jansen & Robertson, 2001;Martin & Possingham, 2005;Nelson, Gray, & Evans, 2011). It is also known that bird species richness is strongly associated with climate factors, such as precipitation and temperature (Li et al, 2013).…”