Pattern and distribution of bone metastases in common malignant tumors

Kakhki, Vahid Reza Dabbagh; Anvari, Kazem; Sadeghi, Ramin; Mahmoudian, Anooshe-Sadat; Torabian-Kakhki, Maryam

doi:10.5603/nmr.2013.0037

Cited by 157 publications

(115 citation statements)

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“…We demonstrated that metastasis to the spine was the most frequent, followed by the femur and pelvic bone, as previously reported (6). Of the total bone metastases, the ratio of spinal metastasis was 54.7% (141/258 lesions).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Of the total bone metastases, the ratio of spinal metastasis was 54.7% (141/258 lesions). Our findings revealed that the number of bone metastases to the spine was lower compared to what was previously reported; in addition, the incidence of lumbar metastasis was relatively high compared to previous reports (6)(7)(8)(9)12). Overall survival depends mainly on the type of the primary tumor.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Our findings revealed that the most frequent spinal metastatic site was the lumbar spine, followed by the thoracic and cervical spine. It was previously reported that the most frequent metastatic site was the thoracic spine, followed by the lumbar and cervical spine (6)(7)(8)(9). To explain this discrepancy, we compared the primary malignant tumor between the lumbar and thoracic metastatic groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastatic bone tumors: Analysis of factors affecting prognosis and efficacy of CT and 18F-FDG PET-CT in identifying primary lesions

Shimada

Setoguchi

Yokouchi

et al. 2014

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

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Abstract.We analyzed the prognostic factors in patients with metastatic bone tumors and evaluated the efficacy of different modalities in identifying the primary lesions. A total of 145 patients with bone metastases who attended the orthopaedic outpatient clinic were included in this study. The most frequent site of bone metastases was the spine. The primary tumor type was differently distributed between patients with a known primary tumor at the first visit and those with an unknown primary lesion. The number of breast cancer cases was statistically significantly lower in the primary-unknown group. However, the number of myeloma cases was significantly higher in the primary-unknown group. Survival was significantly lower in the skeletal-related events (SREs) compared to that in the non-SREs group. Furthermore, survival was significantly worse in patients with a performance status (PS) of ≥2 compared to those with a PS of ≤1 and neurological complications occurred statistically more often in the group with worse PS (≥2). Survival rates were significantly lower in the non-spinal compared to those in the spinal metastatic group. Since the majority of breast cancer patients presented with metastasis in the spine, a breast cancer origin was a positive prognostic factor in patients with spinal metastases. Although there were no significant differences between computed tomography (CT) and 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT in detecting primary lesions, CT may be the first choice due to its feasibility. In conclusion, lung cancer, SREs and worse PS were adverse prognostic factors for patients with bone metastasis. In addition, CT scans may be more useful for determining the primary lesion of a bone metastasis compared to 18 F-FDG PET-CT in a timelier manner.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastatic bone tumors: Analysis of factors affecting prognosis and efficacy of CT and 18F-FDG PET-CT in identifying primary lesions

Shimada

Setoguchi

Yokouchi

et al. 2014

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

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“…O mecanismo responsável pela formação de lesões líticas ou blásticas permanece desconhecido, apesar de diversos es- . Para além deste tipo de neoplasia, o tumor do pulmão e da tiróide são também responsáveis por lesões osteolíticas secundárias 8,9 . O tumor da próstata apresenta propensão para metastizar para o osso, provocando uma disrupção na estrutura óssea e alteração na remodelação.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Até agora, a teoria mais comprovada será a da presença de PTHrP e o seu receptor nas metástases ósseas líticas na neoplasia da próstata 3 . Segundo diversos estudos, os locais mais frequentemente afectados por metastização óssea são a coluna vertebral, seguidos pela grelha costal e ossos da bacia, pelas suas características de elevada vascularização 3,7,9 . O estudo efectuado está de acordo com esta referência, sendo o principal local de metastização a coluna vertebral nos doentes avaliados.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Caracterização de metástases ósseas em neoplasias ocultas e neoplasias previamente diagnosticadas

Lucas¹,

Vidal²,

Costa³

et al. 2016

Gal. Clin.

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ResumoIntrodução: A metastização óssea associa-se, geralmente, a mau prognóstico, com evidência de doença neoplásica avançada. Este estudo caracteriza uma amostra de doentes com metastização óssea e neoplasia primária conhecida, comparando com doentes sem neoplasia diagnosticada previamente. Material e métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo, onde foram incluídos doentes com diagnóstico de "neoplasia óssea secundária" ou "metástases ósseas", admitidos no nosso hospital, de 2009 a 2013. Analisados os dados de doentes com metástases ósseas com neoplasia primária conhecida ou oculta. Resultados: Incluídos 94 doentes, média de idades de 69±12. 66anos, 68% do sexo masculino. Os sintomas apresentados eram principalmente dorso-lombalgia (34%) e défice de força muscular dos membros (15%). Eám 42% dos doentes, existia previamente o diagnóstico de neoplasia. A coluna vertebral constituiu o principal local de metastização. Em 22% dos doentes não se identificou a neoplasia primária. A taxa de mortalidade durante o internamento foi de 14%, e no follow-up após um ano de 31%. Discussão: No estudo efectuado, verifica-se que a mortalidade à data de alta do internamento em doentes com neoplasia conhecida é superior à dos doentes com neoplasia indeterminada, o que não se verifica no follow-up a 1 ano. Pode considerar-se que os doentes com neoplasia previamente conhecida podem apresentar metastização óssea mais tardia, e assim, com pior prognóstico. Conclusão: A disseminação tumoral com expressão através da metastização relaciona-se com um agravamento do prognóstico no follow-up. Palavras-chave: metástases ósseas, coluna vertebral, neoplasia AbstractIntroduction and aims: The bone metastases usually have a bad prognosis, with evidence of advanced malignancy. This study evaluates the characteristics of patients with bone metastases and known primary neoplasia, comparing to those without previous diagnosed neoplasia. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study, was conducted to gather patients with diagnosis of "secondary bone cancer" or "bone metastasis", admitted to our hospital, from 2009 to 2013. Data from patients with known primary neoplasia, comparing to those with unkown origin neoplasia, were analyzed. Results: Ninety four patients were included, mean age 69+12. 66 years, 68% male. The symptoms were mostly back pain (34%) and limbs muscle strength deficits (15%). In 42% of them, there was a previous diagnosis of neoplasia. The spine was the primary site of metastasis. In 22% of patients, the primary tumor was not identified. The mortality rate during hospitalization was 14%, and 31% at one year follow-up. Discussion: In the study carried out, mortality at the end of hospitalization in patients with known neoplasia was higher than that of the patients with unkown neoplasia, which is not maintained at one year follow-up. Therefore, later presentation as bone metastasis in patients with known neoplasia, could confer a worse prognosis. Conclusion: The tumor spread with presentation through bone metastases, appe...

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Understanding the Bone in Cancer Metastasis

Fornetti

Welm

Stewart

2018

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

351

225

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The bone is the third most common site of metastasis for a wide range of solid tumors including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, thyroid, gynecologic, and melanoma, with 70% of metastatic prostate and breast cancer patients harboring bone metastasis. (1) Unfortunately, once cancer spreads to the bone, it is rarely cured and is associated with a wide range of morbidities including pain, increased risk of fracture, and hypercalcemia. This fact has driven experts in the fields of bone and cancer biology to study the bone, and has revealed that there is a great deal that each can teach the other. The complexity of the bone was first described in 1889 when Stephen Paget proposed that tumor cells have a proclivity for certain organs, where they "seed" into a friendly "soil" and eventually grow into metastatic lesions. Dr. Paget went on to argue that although many study the "seed" it would be paramount to understand the "soil." Since this original work, significant advances have been made not only in understanding the cell-autonomous mechanisms that drive metastasis, but also alterations which drive changes to the "soil" that allow a tumor cell to thrive. Indeed, it is now clear that the "soil" in different metastatic sites is unique, and thus the mechanisms that allow tumor cells to remain in a dormant or growing state are specific to the organ in question. In the bone, our knowledge of the components that contribute to this fertile "soil" continues to expand, but our understanding of how they impact tumor growth in the bone remains in its infancy. Indeed, we now appreciate that the endosteal niche likely contributes to tumor cell dormancy, and that osteoclasts, osteocytes, and adipocytes can impact tumor cell growth. Here, we discuss the bone microenvironment and how it impacts cancer cell seeding, dormancy, and growth. Fig. 1. Tumor cells closely associate with cells of the bone microenvironment in a mouse model of bone metastasis. Scale bar ¼ 50 mm. Ad ¼ adipocyte; EC ¼ endothelial cell; Oc ¼ osteocyte; Ocl ¼ osteoclast; Tu ¼ tumor.

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Pattern and distribution of bone metastases in common malignant tumors

Abstract: This study has received fi nancial support from the research vice chancellor of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Abstract BACKGROUND:Bone scan is a sensitive but not specific method for evaluation of bone metastases. However, the clinical

Cited by 157 publications

References 10 publications

Metastatic bone tumors: Analysis of factors affecting prognosis and efficacy of CT and 18F-FDG PET-CT in identifying primary lesions

Metastatic bone tumors: Analysis of factors affecting prognosis and efficacy of CT and 18F-FDG PET-CT in identifying primary lesions

Caracterização de metástases ósseas em neoplasias ocultas e neoplasias previamente diagnosticadas

Understanding the Bone in Cancer Metastasis

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