Pattern of admission and clinical outcome of patients admitted in pediatric intensive care unit of a rural tertiary health care centre

Abstract

Background: In the treatment of critically ill children needing specialized airway, respiratory, and hemodynamic assistance, intensive care has become very necessary and is typically admitted into the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in order to ensure a better result than if the patients were admitted to other sections of the hospital. To audit admissions and their findings are significant, which may help to change procedures after extensive introspection if appropriate, leading to improved patient outcomes. Objective were to examine pattern of admission and clinical outcome of patients admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit of a rural tertiary health care centre.Methods: Information retrieved included age, sex, diagnosis, outcome, morbidity and mortality profile of patients admitted in PICU in the last five years.Results: A total of 2810 patients were admitted into PICU. (1444) 51.3% were infants, and (1366) 48.6% patients aged 1-18 years. Their ages ranged from one month to 18 years, with the mean age being 40.01 ± 45.79 months. There were 1948 (69.3%) male and 862 (30.3%) female patients giving an M: F ratio of 2.27:1. The overall mortality rate was 2.4%.Conclusions: In our PICU, mortality is low. We believe that the treatment of critically ill patients with desirable results is significantly facilitated by a well-equipped intensive care unit with advanced and creative intensive care in order to improve cost-effective patient care and prevent needless stretching of the PICU services, an extension of the pediatric wards is advocated.

Admission Pattern and Treatment Outcome in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Iraq, Najaf

“…However, their PICU was of ten beds and the city has a higher population number. The highest percentage of patients age group admitted to PICU was infants (73.9%), this goes with Parasher et al (5) , Edae et al (6) , and Gresh et al (7) . Of PICU patients, 55.2% were male versus 44.8% female.…”

“…During the study period (from 2019 till 2023) a total number of 1501 patients had been admitted to PICU. This admission rate was less than that described by Parasher et al (5) who counted 2810 patients admitted into PICU in Udaipur district of Rajasthan in India from January 2016 to December 2020. However, their PICU was of ten beds and the city has a higher population number.…”

“…Of PICU patients, 55.2% were male versus 44.8% female. Male predominance also has been described by Parasher et al (5) , Edae et al (6) , and Abhulimhen-Iyoha (17 8) . Male gender is a known risk factor for many diseases.…”

“…The main cause of PICU admission was respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 22.7% followed by pneumonia, congenital heart diseases, and sepsis, 7.8%, 6.6%, and 6.3% respectively. Parasher et al (5) describes a 39.2% of admission were due to surgical diseases followed by pneumonia 17.3% and sepsis 15.2%. Edae et al (6) show that 14.2% of patients were admitted due to acute kidney injury followed by meningitis and pneumonia, 12.3% and 11.5% respectively.…”

The magnitude of pediatric mortality and determinant factors in intensive care units in a low-resource country, Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…A study conducted on pediatric mortality after being admitted to PICU in low-income countries ranges from 6.7 to 51.1% ( 7 , 22 – 25 ), but in developed countries, such as Europe and America, it ranges from 1.85 to 5.8% ( 26 ), and in Latin America, it reached up to 13.1% ( 27 ). The difference in the mortality of pediatric patients is due to the reason that there is limited availability of ICU setups, scarcity of trained staffing, and lack of availability of materials ( 14 ).…”