Pattern of pubertal changes in Calabar, South South Nigeria

Eyong, Michael Eteng; Ntia, Happiness Uko; Ikobah, Joanah Moses; Eyong, Edu Michael; Uket, Helen; Enyuma, Callistus O.A.; Uheagbu, Kelechi

doi:10.11604/pamj.2018.31.20.15544

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…In nine Western European countries, the decline of age at menarche ranged from 1 to 4 months per decade [6]. More recent findings confirmed the high variability between countries as follows: in poor and developing countries in Africa or in South-East Asia [7,8,9,10,11,12], the trend seems to be still ongoingas well as in the US, Canada, Australia and the UK [13,14,15,16]; in Spain, Denmark, Belgium, Norway, and Sweden, data showed lower rates of decline [17,18]; meanwhile in France [19], Germany [20], Greece [21], and the Netherlands [22] the secular trend looks like to have stopped.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

The levelling-off of the secular trend of age at menarche among Italian girls

Piras

Bozzola

Bianchin³

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The main aim of this study was to verify whether the secular trend stopped in Italy by comparing the results of a 1990-2000 birth cohort versus a 1980-1990 birth cohort of Italian young women. The results were used to speculate about age at menarche as adaptive response to non-genetic factors. Methods: In 2016, a study was set on 413, 18-to-26 year-old women (1990-2000 birth cohort) attending two Italian Universities by web-based, self-reported questionnaires. Previously in 2000, a research including 3,783 high school female students (1980-1990 birth cohort) was led. The age at menarche distribution was performed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The comparison between the findings of the two birth cohorts was performed by Wilcoxon sum-rank test. Mixed models analysis was applied to evaluate the effect of cohort and socio-economic status on age at menarche. Results: 1990-2000 cohort's age at menarche median was 12.44y (95%CI 12.37; 12.59y). There was no significant difference with age at menarche of the previous cohort (p ¼ 0.56). Consistently, the advance of age at menarche in comparison to the mothers' one was not significantly different between the two cohorts (-0.27yAE0.10y vs -0.25yAE0.03y, p ¼ 0.33). The socio-economic level was not significantly associated with menarcheal age. Conclusions: The findings of this study confirm that, like in other developed countries, the advance of age at menarche has stopped in Italy, consistently with the stop of the improvement of socio-economic conditions. Further studies are needed to explore the differential effect of each non-genetic factor to outline future scenarios of human sexual maturation. Trial registration: the Comitato Etico per la Sperimentazione Clinica (CESC) della Provincia di Padova of the Veneto Region (Italy), n 3993/U16/16.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

The levelling-off of the secular trend of age at menarche among Italian girls

Piras

Bozzola

Bianchin³

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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“…2 Secular changes in puberty occur from one generation to another and need to be documented. 3 Puberty entails a progressive nonlinear process through the interaction and cooperation of biological, physical, and psychological changes. 4 It physiologically starts between the ages of eight and 13 years in girls and nine and 14 years in boys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The affected factors of puberty and menstrual disturbances among female students at Al-Andalus university

et al. 2020

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Background: The aim of the study was to determine the pubertal, menarcheal age and menstrual disturbances, and the factors affecting them, during the war in Syria, among AL-Andalus university female students.Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was answered from 156 students. The questions were about socio-demographic information, reproductive and menstrual patterns, and the participants' lifestyle. Inclusion criteria included girls 17 to 25 years old, no systemic diseases and completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire was answered in the university. The researchers clarified the aim of the study and got the voluntary consent. The data of 148 girls were entered intoSPSS. Exclusion criteria excluded girls (≤17 and ≥25) years and those who did not complete the questionnaire. The study was conducted from 20 January 2020 to 20 March 2020.Results: 148 cases were analyzed. The mean age of puberty and menarche of our students are 12.38±1.41 and 13.38±1.35 years respectively. Fast food and changing adopted place have a significant association with menstrual disturbances (p<0.05). Blood group, faculty, weight and the mother's menarcheal age have no effects on them (p>0.05).Conclusions: Not found any change in the age of puberty and menarche, but this does not prevent to make more studies in different places in Syria in the future.

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“…Puberty brings in its wake, biological, physical, social and psychological changes in the affected girl. 1,2 Breast development, which often heralds puberty, alerts the girl to the onset of a cascade of biometric changes that will culminate in menstruation in a few years. 1,2 This natural course of puberty helps the girls to prepare for menarche, when their response and reaction would be needed to ensure menstrual hygiene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Breast development, which often heralds puberty, alerts the girl to the onset of a cascade of biometric changes that will culminate in menstruation in a few years. 1,2 This natural course of puberty helps the girls to prepare for menarche, when their response and reaction would be needed to ensure menstrual hygiene. 2,3 level of education, earlier birth order, smaller family size and higher family income.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 This natural course of puberty helps the girls to prepare for menarche, when their response and reaction would be needed to ensure menstrual hygiene. 2,3 level of education, earlier birth order, smaller family size and higher family income. 8,9 Additionally, the age at menarche has also been found to exhibit a decline among girls in developing countries, in a trend towards approximately those of their developed country counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attainment of menstrual hygiene by girls in boarding secondary schools in a state in Sub-Saharan Africa

Etoh

Ekanem

Umoiyoho

2020

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Menarche is the most dramatic manifestation of puberty in girls; unlike the biometric developmental changes that occur at puberty, menarche requires the personal adjustment and response of an affected girl in order to attain good menstrual hygiene. This study was designed to evaluate how boarding secondary school girls manage their menstruation in school, away from the guidance of their parents.Methods: A cross sectional survey was performed in four public boarding secondary schools in the study area with the aid of structured questionnaires to evaluate how such girls manage their menstruation while in school.Results: The study population was 975 girls whose survey revealed the mean age at menarche of 12.5±1.4 years. Seven hundred and two (72.0%) respondents had received sexuality education before onset of menarche. Respondents who attained good menstrual hygiene were 775(79.5%). Such respondents were those who had received sexuality education (p<0.001) and those who had access to synthetic sanitary pad (p=0.005). Duration of the menstrual period and the volume of menstrual blood loss did not affect (p=0.219) the ability of respondents to attain good menstrual hygiene. Respondents who received sexuality education had about 605 chances of attaining good menstrual hygiene than those who did not receive such education.Conclusions: A vast majority of the respondents had received sexuality education before onset of menarche and a larger proportion attained good menstrual hygiene. Major factors that positively influenced the girls’ capacity to attained good menstrual hygiene were prior sexuality education and access to synthetic sanitary pad.

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Pattern of pubertal changes in Calabar, South South Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

The levelling-off of the secular trend of age at menarche among Italian girls

The levelling-off of the secular trend of age at menarche among Italian girls

The affected factors of puberty and menstrual disturbances among female students at Al-Andalus university

Attainment of menstrual hygiene by girls in boarding secondary schools in a state in Sub-Saharan Africa

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