Patterns of E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: Review of the Impact of E-Cigarettes on Cigarette Smoking

Glasser, Allison; Abudayyeh, Haneen; Cantrell, Jennifer; Niaura, Raymond

doi:10.1093/ntr/nty103

Cited by 86 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…For example, research examining the impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on cigarette consumption among young low-risk and high-risk non-smokers, as well as among cigarette smoking youth and young adults, is needed. The controversial 53 yet growing body of evidence that links e-cigarette use among youth to later cigarette use54 53 underscores the need to continue to monitor the impact of price on both e-cigarette and cigarette use among youth and young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on youth and young adult e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour: evidence from a national longitudinal cohort

et al. 2019

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IntroductionUnderstanding the impact of prices for tobacco and nicotine products is critical for creating policies to prevent use among young people. This study examines the impact of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and cigarette prices on current e-cigarette and cigarette use among youth and young adults.MethodsData were from a national probability-based sample aged 15–21 collected in 2014 and followed every 6 months for 2.5 years through 2016. We conducted separate conditional likelihood logistic regression models with past 30-day e-cigarette use and past 30-day cigarette use outcomes on the sample of individuals who participated in at least two survey waves (n=11 578) with linked Nielsen market-level price data for rechargeable e-cigarettes and cigarettes. Models controlled for time-varying variables at the individual and state policy levels, and fixed effects at the individual, wave and market levels.ResultsHigher cigarette prices were associated with increased past 30-day e-cigarette use, indicating e-cigarettes may serve as a substitute for cigarettes. We did not find a statistically significant relationship between rechargeable e-cigarette prices and past 30-day e-cigarette use; neither did we find a significant relationship between rechargeable e-cigarette prices and past 30-day cigarette smoking.ConclusionThis is the first study to examine e-cigarette and cigarette prices on e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour longitudinally among young people. Findings suggest the need for better measuring the costs associated with e-cigarette use among this population, as well as a careful assessment of price and tax policies that takes into account cross-product impact to sufficiently discourage e-cigarette and cigarette use among young people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on youth and young adult e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour: evidence from a national longitudinal cohort

et al. 2019

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“…There is growing evidence that e-cigarette use among never smoking children and adolescents is associated with later smoking [32], including within the UK [33]. However, as the authors acknowledge [33], much of this observed association may reflect residual confounding by shared risk factors, rather than one causing the other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Associations of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Smoking and Parental E-Cigarette Use with 10–11-Year-Old Children’s Perceptions of Tobacco Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes: Cross Sectional Analysis of the CHETS Wales 3 Survey

Moore

Angel

Gray

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: This study examines primary schoolchildren’s perceptions of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes, and associations with parental smoking, vaping and socioeconomic status. Methods: Survey of 2218 10–11-year-old children in 73 schools in Wales. Results: Overall, 36% reported that a parent figure smoked compared to 21% for vaping, with parental smoking lower in affluent families (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.68 to 0.76). Overall, 1% had tried a cigarette, while 5% had tried an e-cigarette. Most said they would not smoke or vape in 2 years’ time; susceptibility to vaping (20%) was higher than smoking (12%). Exposure to and perceptions of tobacco cigarettes were more positive for children of smokers. Having a parent who vaped was associated with exposure to and positive perceptions of e-cigarettes, but not smoking. Most children perceived e-cigarettes as used by adults to stop smoking (64%). Susceptibility to smoking (OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.79) and vaping (OR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.99) were lower among children who perceived e-cigarettes as cessation aids. Conclusions: Parental smoking continues to be concentrated in poorer families. This study provides no evidence that parental vaping in the absence of smoking is associated with more positive perceptions of tobacco cigarettes. Communicating to children the role of e-cigarettes as cessation devices for smokers may help to limit their appeal to young people.

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“…number of friends/family members that smoke) or intrapersonal (e.g. such impulsivity, sensation seeking, rebellion) [17]. One paper [34] only included variables from one domain, while eight papers [33,36,41,44,45,48,49,51] included variables from two domains, and ten papers [31,32,37,38,40,42,43,46,47,50] included variables from all three domains.…”

Section: Study and Population Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soneji et al using seven studies found that e-cigarette use is associated with an increased risk of future cigarette smoking initiation and current cigarette smoking in young people aged 14-30 years, even after adjusting for potential confounding by demographic, psychosocial, and behavioural risk factors [16]. Glasser et al concluded that e-cigarette use is associated with subsequent smoking in young people [17]. Aladeokin and Haighton included three studies in their meta-analysis and showed that United Kingdom (UK)-based adolescents who use ecigarettes were six times more likely to smoke tobacco cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between electronic cigarette use and tobacco cigarette smoking initiation in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

O’Brien

Long

Quigley

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Aim: This systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies aimed to explore whether electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use by adolescents who had never smoked conventional tobacco cigarettes (tobacco cigarettes) at baseline was associated with subsequent initiation of tobacco cigarette smoking. The analysis included studies based in Europe and North America. Methods: This study followed all the principles of a systematic review and meta-analysis. A key word search identified peer-reviewed literature published between 1 January 2005 and 2 October 2019 from seven bibliographic databases and one search engine. Using a predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria two authors independently screened abstracts, and subsequently, full text papers. Eligible papers were quality assessed and scored by two authors. Included papers had data on population characteristics, exposure and outcome measures extracted into an adapted Cochrane Data Extraction Form. Statistical analysis was preceded by a feasibility assessment, and included a pairwise random effects meta-analysis, and sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Findings: From an initial 6,619 studies, 14 unique studies in 21 papers were identified. Overall, the studies populations were between 13 and 19 years at baseline. Nine of the 14 unique longitudinal studies with follow-up periods between 4 and 24 months were eligible for inclusion in a meta-analysis of the association between ever use of e-cigarettes and subsequent initiation of tobacco cigarette use. Based on primary study adjusted odds ratios, our meta-analysis calculated a 4.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.00-5.48) times higher odds of initiating tobacco cigarette smoking for those who had ever used e-cigarettes at baseline, although the odds ratio was reduced slightly (to 3.71 times odds, 95%CI: 2.83-4. 86) when only the four high-quality studies were included. The initial meta-analysis model had a moderate to high statistical heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis restricted to high-quality studies had a low to moderate statistical heterogeneity.Conclusion: The systematic review found that e-cigarette use was associated with initiation of tobacco cigarette smoking among adolescents in Europe and North America, identifying a potentially serious public health harm. Given the widespread availability and use of e-cigarettes, this study further supports urgent action by policymakers to prevent their use by adolescents to reduce direct harms in this vulnerable population group, as well as to protect gains in reducing tobacco cigarette initiation.

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Patterns of E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: Review of the Impact of E-Cigarettes on Cigarette Smoking

Cited by 86 publications

References 51 publications

Impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on youth and young adult e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour: evidence from a national longitudinal cohort

Impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on youth and young adult e-cigarette and cigarette behaviour: evidence from a national longitudinal cohort

Associations of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Smoking and Parental E-Cigarette Use with 10–11-Year-Old Children’s Perceptions of Tobacco Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes: Cross Sectional Analysis of the CHETS Wales 3 Survey

Association between electronic cigarette use and tobacco cigarette smoking initiation in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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