Patterns of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation in non-small-cell lung cancers in the Gulf region

Abstract

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations (EGFRmut) in the Gulf region (GR) and its correlation with demographic and clinical characteristics. A multisite retrospective study was conducted, including institutions from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar. All consecutive patients with non-small-cell lung cancer tested for EGFRmut were eligible. Data collected included demographic information, disease characteristics and EGFR test results. Data on 230 patients were obtained. The median age of the patients was 61 years (range, 26-87 years); 169 patients (69.83%) were male and 204 (88.7%) were Arab. The histological subtype was adenocarcinoma in 191 (83.4%) and squamous cell carcinoma in 21 cases (9.17%). Overall, EGFRmut were detected in 66 patients (28.7%), with a prevalence of 32.46% in adenocarcinoma. No squamous cell carcinomas were found to harbor EGFRmut. The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that female gender, non-smoking status and adenocarcinoma subtype were significant predictors for EGFRmut. There was no difference between Arabs and non-Arabs. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first multisite study to report the prevalence of EGFRmut in the GR population, which was found to be higher compared with that in Western, but lower compared with that in Far Eastern populations. Studies evaluating the efficacy of targeted therapy in this population are underway.

EGFR mutation frequency in Middle East and African non-small cell lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Age, sex, and histological subtypes of included patients were reported in all of the studies; however, data on smoking status were only available in 9 studies whereas data on ethnical background were precised in an exclusive study reported in the Gulf region [ 16 ]. These characteristics were summarized using means and standard deviations for the ordinal variables and frequencies for the categorical ones.…”

“…(%) Ever-smokers, No. (%) Overall 383 (41.1%) 550 (58.9%) Lebanon Naderi et al [ 9 ] 44 (21.9%) 157 (78.1%) Fakhruddin et al [ 10 ] 59 (76.6%) 18 (23.4%) Kattan et al [ 11 ] 39 (22.9%) 131 (77.1%) Egypt Zaki et al [ 12 ] No data No data Turkey Unal et al [ 13 ] 5 (10.4%) 43 (89.6%) Bircan et al [ 14 ] 6 (26.1%) 17 (73.9%) Saudi Arabia (SA) Al-Kuraya et al [ 15 ] 38 (80.9%) 9 (19.1%) SA-UAE-Qatar Jazieh et al [ 16 ] 134 (58.3%) 96 (41.7%) SA-UAE-Egypt Jazieh et al [ 17 ] No data No data Morocco Errihani et al [ 18 ] 58 (42.3%) 79 (57.7%) …”

“…Eight studies compared EGFR mutation frequencies versus smoking status, with all reporting a higher frequency of EGFR mutations in non-smokers than in ever-smokers. In 5 of the 6 studies reporting EGFR mutation status according to the histological subtype, there was a higher frequency of EGFR mutation in adenocarcinomas compared with other subtypes: (13 vs 0% [ 9 ], 40.6 vs 31.3% [ 13 ], 25 vs 0% [ 15 ], 32.46 vs 10.25% [ 16 ] and 36.25 vs 15,38% [ 17 ]).…”

“…Finally, in the one study reporting EGFR mutation according to the ethnical background, there was no significant difference between Arabic and non Arabic patients [ 16 ].…”

Saudi lung cancer management guidelines 2017

“…reported that in a retrospective study which conducted in the gulf region, EGFR mutations were detected overall in 28.7% with a prevalence of 32.46% in adenocarcinoma which is higher than reported in western patients but still lower than the Asian population. [ 122 ]…”