Patterns of Gray and White Matter Volume Alterations in Patients With Post-Traumatic Anosmia: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

Gao, Xing; Su, Baihan; Sun, Zhifu; Xu, Lei; Wei, Yongxiang; Wu, Dawei

doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.690760

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…It should be noted, however, that loss of gray matter and functional imaging decrements in central olfaction-related brain structures has been associated with anosmia due to other causes. [61][62][63] Variables Associated with Long-Lasting Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19…”

Section: Causes Of Covid-19-related Smell Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Olfactory Dysfunction of COVID-19

Doty

2023

Semin Neurol

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Until the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, much of the scientific community and the general public lacked an appreciation of the impact of decreased smell function on everyday life, including the importance of this sensory system for safety, nutrition, and overall quality of life. It is now well established that the SARS-CoV-2 virus inflicts measurable but frequently reversible smell loss during its acute phase. Indeed, in many studies such loss is the most common symptom of COVID-19. Permanent or long-term deficits (i.e., deficits lasting over a year) may occur in up to 30% of those who have been infected, including the development of odor distortions (dysosmias; parosmias). This review presents up-to-date information on the epidemiology, severity, and pathophysiology of COVID-19-related smell dysfunction, including its association with psychological and neurological sequelae.

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Section: Causes Of Covid-19-related Smell Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Olfactory Dysfunction of COVID-19

Doty

2023

Semin Neurol

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“…Considering that a decrease in the cortical gray matter was observed in subjects with anosmia [95,111], the cerebellum may be involved in OD in patients with pathologies primarily affecting the cerebellum. For example, it has been observed that patients with spinocerebellar ataxias exhibit OD [112,113].…”

Section: Cerebellummentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease, Its Functional and Neuroanatomical Correlates

Torres-Pasillas,

Chi-Castañeda,

Carrillo-Castilla

et al. 2023

NeuroSci

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known for its motor alterations, but the importance of non-motor symptoms (NMSs), such as olfactory dysfunction (OD), is increasingly recognized. OD may manifest during the prodromal period of the disease, even before motor symptoms appear. Therefore, it is suggested that this symptom could be considered a marker of PD. This article briefly describes PD, the evolution of the knowledge about OD in PD, the prevalence of this NMS and its role in diagnosis and as a marker of PD progression, the assessment of olfaction in patients with PD, the role of α-synuclein and its aggregates in the pathophysiology of PD, and then describes some functional, morphological, and histological alterations observed in different structures related to the olfactory system, such as the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tract, piriform cortex, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, and amygdala. In addition, considering the growing evidence that suggests that the cerebellum is also involved in the olfactory system, it has also been included in this work. Comprehending the existing functional and neuroanatomical alterations in PD could be relevant for a better understanding of the mechanisms behind OD in patients with this neurodegenerative disorder.

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Specific structural changes in Parkinson’s disease-related olfactory dysfunction compared to others forms of olfactory dysfunction

Brosse,

Tremblay,

Mérida

et al. 2024

Front. Neural Circuits

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ContextOlfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common early symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, OD is not specific to PD, as approximatively 20% of the general population exhibit different forms of OD. To use olfactory measures for early Parkinson screening, it is crucial to distinguish PD-related OD from Non-Parkinsonian OD (NPOD).Objectives and hypothesisThis study aimed to compare the structural changes associated with PD-related OD (n = 15) with NPOD (n = 15), focusing on gray matter volumes and white matter fiber integrity in chemosensory regions. We hypothesized that PD-related OD presents specific structural alterations in these regions.MethodsParticipants underwent a 3 T MRI scan, which included anatomical T1 and diffusion-weighted imaging. Gray and white matter integrity were assessed using both whole-brain analyses (voxel-based morphometry—VBM and tract-based spatial statistics—TBSS, respectively) and localized approaches, including regions of interest and tractography.ResultsPD patients exhibited significantly higher gray matter volume in the left insula using restricted regions-of-interest analyses, while no other significant gray or white matter differences were found between groups.ConclusionStructural imaging of the gray matter, particularly the insula, but not of white matter, differentiates PD-related OD from NPOD.

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Patterns of Gray and White Matter Volume Alterations in Patients With Post-Traumatic Anosmia: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

The Olfactory Dysfunction of COVID-19

The Olfactory Dysfunction of COVID-19

Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease, Its Functional and Neuroanatomical Correlates

Specific structural changes in Parkinson’s disease-related olfactory dysfunction compared to others forms of olfactory dysfunction

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