Pax2 and Pax8 Regulate Branching Morphogenesis and Nephron Differentiation in the Developing Kidney

Narlis, Melina; Grote, David; Gaitan, Yaned; Boualia, Sami Kamel; Bouchard, Maxime

doi:10.1681/asn.2006070739

Cited by 194 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The latter findings are in keeping with those reported previously. 41,42 In summary, although expressed in several tumors, it is evident that Pax8 would serve as a useful marker in the following situations: (1) a solitary or even multiple carcinomas in the lung where primary lung and metastasis from the thyroid gland are considered as an origin ( Figure 2a); (2) a metastatic carcinoma in other organs such as bone and brain where lung and thyroid gland are primary sites under consideration; (3) an undifferentiated neoplasm (Figure 2b) of the neck, which involves thyroid gland as well as adjacent organs, such as larynx, trachea, and bronchus; (4) a carcinoma in the thyroid gland or more commonly in the neck where the differential diagnoses include primary thyroid carcinoma and metastatic carcinoma from the lung. This distinction is important since the chemotherapeutic regimens are different, that is, adriamycin for anaplastic carcinoma, and platinum-based chemotherapy for lung carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factors Pax8 and TTF-2 (FoxE1) in thyroid epithelial neoplasms

et al. 2008

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Thyroid-specific transcription factors, Pax8, TTF-1, and TTF-2, are crucial for thyroid organogenesis and differentiation. Compared with TTF-1, the other two markers have scarcely been investigated in surgical pathology. The goal of this study is to evaluate the expressions of these markers in thyroid tumors of the full spectrum of differentiation, with special emphasis on anaplastic carcinomas. A total of 94 cases of thyroid neoplasms were studied: 17 papillary carcinomas, 18 follicular adenomas, 16 follicular carcinomas, 7 poorly differentiated carcinomas, 28 anaplastic carcinomas, and 8 medullary carcinomas. Immunostains for these three markers were performed. The antibodies to Pax8 and TTF-2 were also applied on 147 lung carcinomas as well as a variety of normal tissues and malignant tumors. All three markers were seen in papillary carcinomas, follicular adenomas and carcinomas, and poorly differentiated carcinomas in a diffuse manner, whereas their expressions in medullary carcinomas were variable. Pax8 was expressed in 79% of anaplastic carcinomas to a variable extent, whereas TTF-1 and TTF-2 were seen only in 18 and 7% of anaplastic carcinomas, respectively. TTF-2 was negative in all other neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues including those of the lung. Pax8 was expressed in renal tubules, fallopian tubes, ovarian inclusion cysts, and lymphoid follicles as well as renal carcinoma, nephroblastoma, seminoma, and ovarian carcinoma, but not in normal tissue and carcinomas of the lung. Pax8 is a useful marker for the diagnosis of anaplastic carcinomas, particularly when the differential diagnosis includes pulmonary carcinoma. In differentiated thyroid neoplasms, no significant difference in expression was seen in all the three transcription factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factors Pax8 and TTF-2 (FoxE1) in thyroid epithelial neoplasms

et al. 2008

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“…6,9 During organogenesis, these primordial structures give rise to the thyroid and urogenital organs, including the kidney, ureter, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, uterus, and fallopian tubes, under the partial control of PAX 8. 6,9 Together with PAX 2, PAX 8 has a crucial role in the embryonic development of the kidney.…”

Section: Pax 8 In Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 As a transcription factor, PAX 8 is known to control the development of the central nervous system, eye, kidney, thyroid gland, organs deriving from the mesonephric (wolffian) duct, and those related to the Mü llerian duct. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Transcription factors are identified in the nuclei of cell types that are under their developmental control during organogenesis, but they often disappear in mature tissues. 1,2 However, these transcription factors may re-express in an organ-specific manner during neoplastic transformation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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PAX 8 expression in non-neoplastic tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic tumors: a comprehensive immunohistochemical study

et al. 2011

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PAX 8 is a transcription factor that is essential for embryonic development of the kidney, Mü llerian organs, and thyroid. It may also have a role in tumor development in these organs. The diagnostic utility of PAX 8 has not been comprehensively studied. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples for non-neoplastic tissues (n ¼ 1601), primary neoplasms (n ¼ 933), and metastatic neoplasms (n ¼ 496) were subjected to PAX 8 immunostain. In non-neoplastic tissues, PAX 8 was consistently noted in glomerular parietal epithelial cells, renal collecting ductal cells, atrophic renal tubular epithelial cells regardless of nephronic segments, and epithelial cells of the endocervix, endometrium, fallopian tube, seminal vesicle, epidydimis, thyroid, pancreatic islet cells, and lymphoid cells. PAX 8 was not seen in the rest of the tissue samples. In primary neoplasms, PAX 8 was expressed by 194 of 240 (89%) renal cell neoplasms, by 238 of 267 (89%) Mü llerian-type neoplasms, by 65 of 65 (100%) thyroid follicular cell neoplasms, by 8 of 8 (100%) nephrogenic adenomas, and by 17 of 17 (100%) lymphomas. Weak focal staining was noted in 5 of 12 (42%) cases of parathyroid hyperplasia/adenoma and in 6 of 17 (35%) well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. PAX 8 was not seen in other neoplasms. In metastatic neoplasms, PAX 8 was expressed by 90 of 102 (88%) metastatic renal cell carcinomas, by 57 of 63 metastatic Mü llerian tumors (90%), and by 6 of 6 metastatic papillary thyroid carcinomas (100%). There was also weak focal staining for 1 of 15 metastatic small cell carcinomas and for 1 of 9 metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. PAX 8 was not seen in other metastatic neoplasms. It can be successfully identified in routinely processed tissue samples, and its expression is mostly nuclear. PAX 8 expression in nonneoplastic mature tissues is limited to the organs, the embryonic development of which depends on this transcription factor. This tissue/cell-specific expression is maintained during both neoplastic transformation and metastasis. PAX 8 is a sensitive and specific marker for tumors of renal, Mü llerian, or thyroid origin in both primary and metastatic sites.

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“…One potential DRE site (i.e., ctgctGTCAagatca) is present 287 nucleotides upstream of the pax8 coding sequence in Xenopus, and kcnip1 expression is prominent in the pronephric tubule [82]. Of note, Kcnip3 is expressed in, and pax8 has been shown to control nephron differentiation and branching morphogenesis of, the metanephros in mammals [76,88,89]. Altogether, these results suggest that kcnip family members may play essential roles in the control of pax8 expression during the specification of the pronephric progenitors as well as during the development of metanephric kidney.…”

Section: Kcnips In Nephrogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca2+ coding and decoding strategies for the specification of neural and renal precursor cells during development

et al. 2016

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Pax2 and Pax8 Regulate Branching Morphogenesis and Nephron Differentiation in the Developing Kidney

Cited by 194 publications

References 34 publications

Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factors Pax8 and TTF-2 (FoxE1) in thyroid epithelial neoplasms

Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factors Pax8 and TTF-2 (FoxE1) in thyroid epithelial neoplasms

PAX 8 expression in non-neoplastic tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic tumors: a comprehensive immunohistochemical study

Ca2+ coding and decoding strategies for the specification of neural and renal precursor cells during development

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