PC BEEPOP, an ecotoxicological simulation model for honey bee populations

Bromenshenk, Jerry J.; Doskocil, Jiri; DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria; Roth, Stephan

doi:10.1002/etc.5620100416

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The impact of decreased egg laying rate was sizable but not lethal to the colony and other models show similar results. Bromenshenk et al . (using the PC BEEPOP model) find that eggs are the least damaging of the life stages to lose and adults are the most.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed EFSA have recently published a review to suggest, with further development, BEEHAVE could be the model of choice for regulatory pesticide risk assessment . Several models ,, have been used to explore the impact of pesticides on bee colonies. However, the models of Khoury et al and Bryden et al focus on limited portions of colony dynamics, and lack key processes required to accurately predict how a bee colony reacts to numerous stressors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A stress imposed in April has little effect, while the same stress imposed in June will devastate the colony. PCBEEPOP is a model that includes colony dynamics similar to BEEHAVE; although, BEEHAVE also includes a number of factors, such as the landscape and foraging dynamics (including the flow of energy in the form of honey stores) integrated with the colony module, which may be key to understanding how pesticides can impact the colony . The BEEHAVE model is the only tool to date that also includes a dynamic landscape module and weather providing the potential for climate or location-specific simulations, as well as integration with the foraging and varroa and virus modules, to apply many stressors to the colony at any one time, as would be happening to real colonies in the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting Honeybee Colony Failure: Using the BEEHAVE Model to Simulate Colony Responses to Pesticides

Rumkee

Becher

Thorbek

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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To simulate effects of pesticides on different honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) life stages, we used the BEEHAVE model to explore how increased mortalities of larvae, in-hive workers, and foragers, as well as reduced egg-laying rate, could impact colony dynamics over multiple years. Stresses were applied for 30 days, both as multiples of the modeled control mortality and as set percentage daily mortalities to assess the sensitivity of the modeled colony both to small fluctuations in mortality and periods of low to very high daily mortality. These stresses simulate stylized exposure of the different life stages to nectar and pollen contaminated with pesticide for 30 days. Increasing adult bee mortality had a much greater impact on colony survival than mortality of bee larvae or reduction in egg laying rate. Importantly, the seasonal timing of the imposed mortality affected the magnitude of the impact at colony level. In line with the LD50, we propose a new index of “lethal imposed stress”: the LIS50 which indicates the level of stress on individuals that results in 50% colony mortality. This (or any LISx) is a comparative index for exploring the effects of different stressors at colony level in model simulations. While colony failure is not an acceptable protection goal, this index could be used to inform the setting of future regulatory protection goals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting Honeybee Colony Failure: Using the BEEHAVE Model to Simulate Colony Responses to Pesticides

Rumkee

Becher

Thorbek

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…One other such attempt exists: BEEPOP has been augmented by detailed modules for including effects of pesticides, implemented in the software PC BEEPOP (Bromenshenk et al . ). The module BEETOX includes a toxicity data base for more than 400 chemicals and calculated lethal and sublethal effects for specific exposures; the module BEEKILL allowed the user to link these effects to exposure scenarios and feed the resulting changes in mortality, development and longevity into the colony model.…”

Section: Building a New Integrated Modelmentioning

confidence: 97%

REVIEW: Towards a systems approach for understanding honeybee decline: a stocktaking and synthesis of existing models

Becher

Osborne

Thorbek

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Ecology

169

152

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The health of managed and wild honeybee colonies appears to have declined substantially in Europe and the United States over the last decade. Sustainability of honeybee colonies is important not only for honey production, but also for pollination of crops and wild plants alongside other insect pollinators. A combination of causal factors, including parasites, pathogens, land use changes and pesticide usage, are cited as responsible for the increased colony mortality.However, despite detailed knowledge of the behaviour of honeybees and their colonies, there are no suitable tools to explore the resilience mechanisms of this complex system under stress. Empirically testing all combinations of stressors in a systematic fashion is not feasible. We therefore suggest a cross-level systems approach, based on mechanistic modelling, to investigate the impacts of (and interactions between) colony and land management.We review existing honeybee models that are relevant to examining the effects of different stressors on colony growth and survival. Most of these models describe honeybee colony dynamics, foraging behaviour or honeybee – varroa mite – virus interactions.We found that many, but not all, processes within honeybee colonies, epidemiology and foraging are well understood and described in the models, but there is no model that couples in-hive dynamics and pathology with foraging dynamics in realistic landscapes.Synthesis and applications. We describe how a new integrated model could be built to simulate multifactorial impacts on the honeybee colony system, using building blocks from the reviewed models. The development of such a tool would not only highlight empirical research priorities but also provide an important forecasting tool for policy makers and beekeepers, and we list examples of relevant applications to bee disease and landscape management decisions.

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Ecological Modeling for Pesticide Risk Assessment for Honey Bees and Other Pollinators

Grimm¹,

Becher²,

Thorbek³

et al. 2014

Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators

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PC BEEPOP, an ecotoxicological simulation model for honey bee populations

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Predicting Honeybee Colony Failure: Using the BEEHAVE Model to Simulate Colony Responses to Pesticides

Predicting Honeybee Colony Failure: Using the BEEHAVE Model to Simulate Colony Responses to Pesticides

REVIEW: Towards a systems approach for understanding honeybee decline: a stocktaking and synthesis of existing models

Ecological Modeling for Pesticide Risk Assessment for Honey Bees and Other Pollinators

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