PCB concentrations in soil from central and southern Wales

Eduljee, G.H.; Badsha, K.S.; Mundy, K.J.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(87)90099-3

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…3). In our case all ranges of the central 80% of the values were rather symmetric around the median bias which was near to zero (range 35%) for PAH 16 , positive +5% (range 35%) for BaP and negative near to À5% (range 25%) for PCB 7 . There were only very few right skewed outliers (not shown) to disturb the symmetry of the distribution.…”

Section: Measurement Qualitysupporting

confidence: 46%

“…The details of the used methods of sampling and physical sample preparation are described elsewhere. 70 Since we considered the problem of representative reduction of moist and deep frozen soil samples not yet solved, we decidedafter having negatively tested effects of drying temperature at 40 C and plastic contact for PAH and PCB analysis in soils 71 [1,2,3-cd]pyrene IPY (6 rings), benzo [ghi]perylene BPE (6 rings) the sum of which is denoted here as PAH 16 . Additionally analysed PAH marker compounds are presented and discussed in another paper.…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Physical Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally analysed PAH marker compounds are presented and discussed in another paper. 69 Sample preparation, extraction, cleanup and analysis of PAH were conducted as described in Bucheli et al 38 Briefly, the PAH 16 were Soxhlet extracted for 36 h with hexane. The concentrated extracts were cleaned by N,N-dimethylformamide-MilliQ water (9 : 1, v/v) liquid-liquid partitioning and over water-deactivated silica gel.…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Physical Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentrated extracts were cleaned by N,N-dimethylformamide-MilliQ water (9 : 1, v/v) liquid-liquid partitioning and over water-deactivated silica gel. The PAH were separated and detected by GC-MS, and quantified using the internal standard method and deuterated extraction standards for each of the PAH 16 .…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Physical Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Fig. 4 an overview of the topsoil concentration levels of PAH 16 , BaP and PCB 7 is presented according to land use types and related to guide values (Table 1). For scaling reasons the PAH soil concentrations of the two urban parks were excluded in Fig.…”

Section: Concentration Levels In Topsoilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PAH and PCB in soils of Switzerland—status and critical review

et al. 2008

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The surface soil concentrations (0-20 cm) of the Swiss soil monitoring network (NABO) with 105 observation sites representing all major land use types ranged for the sum of 16 EPA PAH (PAH(16)) from 32 to 8465 microg kg(-1) (median 163 microg kg(-1)), for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) from 0.5 to 1129 microg kg(-1) (median 13 microg kg(-1)) and for the sum of seven IRMM PCB (PCB(7)) from 0.5 to 12 microg kg(-1) (median 1.6 microg kg(-1)). The legal guide values of Switzerland were exceeded for PAH(16) at only three and for BaP at two sites. The PCB(7) concentrations were clearly below any assessment value. The concentration ranges were overlapping between all land use types. Tendencies for higher concentrations were observed at urban and viticulture sites. The overall measurement precision at repeatability conditions ranged from 1 to 37% RSD for PAH(16), BaP and PCB(7). The median bias for the chemical analysis was around zero for PAH(16), +5% for BaP and -5% for PCB(7) with spreads ranging from less than -20% up to more than +30%. The PAH profiles were clearly dominated by phenanthrene. Stratification by land use revealed a prevalence of benzo[a]pyrene at urban and naphthalene at conservation sites. For PCB, the general congener rank order was PCB no. 153 > 138 > 101 > 180. From a broad correlation screening only PAH(16)/BaP (r = 0.88**) were relevant for practical soil protection. The extensive comparison with other studies was severely biased by the lack of harmonisation, especially concerning sampling depth, sampling support, analytical method and the sum calculation procedure.

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Section: Measurement Qualitysupporting

confidence: 46%

Section: Soil Sampling and Physical Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Sampling and Physical Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Sampling and Physical Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concentration Levels In Topsoilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PAH and PCB in soils of Switzerland—status and critical review

et al. 2008

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PCB (Polychlorierte Biphenyle)

Krauß

2004

Bodengefährdende Stoffe: Bewertung ‐ Stoffdaten ‐ Ökotoxikologie ‐ Sanierung

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Unter den polychlorierten Biphenylen versteht man eine Gruppe von 209 Einzelsubstanzen, deren Biphenyl‐Gerüst einen bis zehn Chlorsubstituenten trägt. Die kommerziellen PCB‐Gemische sind aus einer größeren Zahl von Einzelverbindungen zusammengesetzt. PCB wurden eingesetzt als Isolatoren, als nicht brennbare Schmiermittel, als Trägermaterialien, als Weichmacher und als Flammschutzmittel. Die Inverkehrbringung ist seit 1998 in Deutschland verboten. Sie entstehen jedoch auch bei Verbrennungsprozessen. Ihre Überwachung ist aufgrund der Persistenz in der Umwelt notwendig. Auch wenn die Konzentration der PCB zurückgeht, stellt ihre Bioakkumulation immer noch ein Problem dar.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls in welsh soils: A survey of typical levels

Jones

1989

Chemosphere

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PCB concentrations in soil from central and southern Wales

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

PAH and PCB in soils of Switzerland—status and critical review

PAH and PCB in soils of Switzerland—status and critical review

PCB (Polychlorierte Biphenyle)

Polychlorinated biphenyls in welsh soils: A survey of typical levels

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