PCR-based assay for the detection of Alternaria species and correlation with HPLC determination of altenuene, alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether production in tomato products

Determination of mycotoxins in pomegranate fruits and juices using a QuEChERS-based method

“…Alternaria strains were not able to produce TEN on pomegranates in vivo (Table 4). The production of these toxins by Alternaria strains has been reported previously on different substrates (Andersen et al, 2006;Greco, Patriarca, Terminiello, Fernández Pinto, & Pose, 2012;Pavón et al, 2012), however, this is the first report of mycotoxin production on pomegranates.…”

“…This is the first report on the use of the QuEChERS method for the sample preparation step of major Alternaria mycotoxins in pomegranates before HPLC analysis. Additionally to the QuEChERS approach, in the initial steps of the method development one other extraction procedure was examined (Pavón et al, 2012). In this extraction protocol the mycotoxins were extracted with 9 ml acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid by sonication and the clean up was performed onto Oasis HLB extraction cartridges.…”

“…Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography (GC), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are the techniques usually used for the determination of Alternaria toxins. GC analysis requires a derivatisation step proving the HPLC technique more suitable for the analysis of polar compounds like mycotoxins (Andersen et al, 2006;Azaiez et al, 2014;Delgado, Gómez-Cordovés, & Scott, 1996;Dzuman et al, 2014;Koesukwiwat et al, 2014;Pavón, Luna, de la Cruz, González, & Martín, 2012;Vaclavik et al, 2010). Detection of separated products can be achieved with fluorescence detection (FLD), UV detection, diode array detection (DAD), single mass spectrometry (MS) or tandem MS (MS/MS) (EFSA, 2011;Ostry, 2008).…”

Development of an immunochromatographic assay for the detection of alternariol in cereal and fruit juice samples

“…Analytical methods developed for the determination of AOH include thin-layer chromatography, liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography (Pavon et al, 2012;Rodriguez-Carrasco, Manes, Berrada, & Juan, 2016;Ruan, Diao, Zhang, Zhang, & Liu, 2016;Scott, 2001). However, these costly methods require trained personnel, sophisticated instruments, and extensive sample cleanup.…”

Microbiota and Mycotoxins in Trilinear Hybrid Maize Produced in Natural Environments at Central Region in Mexico

“…Conventional techniques as microbiological isolation in raw and processed foods are still used, although the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) currently identifies pathogens in less time [16]. The official mycotoxin monitoring technique is the thin layer chromatography (TLC).…”