Peanut Rotation and Flooding Induce Rhizobacteriome Variation With Opposing Influences on the Growth and Medicinal Yield of Corydalis yanhusuo

Abstract

Corydalis yanhusuo, a precious herb of the Papaveraceae family, is widely used in multiple traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of many painful conditions, and its medicinal part is the dried tuber. Yet how to improve this plant’s medicinal yield as well as its economic efficiency remains a key problem in its cultivation. The planting of C. yanhusuo in rotation with peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) aims to improve land utilization efficiency, but the total production of tubers is severely reduced relative to fields without rotation. However, an increased yield was observed in C. yanhusuo plants grown in previously flooded fields (HR field) compared to the ones grown in the fields that had been used to cultivate peanut (PL field) or in fields without rotation or flooding (N field). Based on these phenomena, in this study, we explored the potential factors responsible for the altered growth/yield of C. yanhusuo under different field conditions. Soil physicochemical properties and the diversity and community of rhizobacteriome of C. yanhusuo were both analyzed. By testing several soil physicochemical properties, we found that the cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and pH value differed significantly among these three types of fields. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed stark differences in the composition, diversity, and potential functions of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere of C. yanhusuo plants grown in field with the peanut rotation or flooding. Notably, the Acidobacteria were enriched in the HR field, while Actinobacteria were enriched in the PL field. More importantly, further analysis showed that changed soil physicochemical properties could be one reason for why the rhizospheric bacterial community has changed; hence, soil physicochemical properties might also be affecting plant performance indirectly by regulating the rhizospheric bacterial community. The RDA analysis distinguished CEC as the most important soil physicochemical property influencing the structure and composition of the C. yanhusuo rhizobacteriome. In summary, our results suggest peanut rotation- and flooding-induced soil physicochemical properties changes would further impact the rhizobacteriome of C. yanhusuo albeit differentially, culminating in opposite effects upon the plant growth and medicinal yield of C. yanhusuo.

Rhizosphere microbial markers (micro-markers): A new physical examination indicator for traditional Chinese medicines

“…mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (Huangqi in Chinese) ( Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 ), Sophora flavescens Ait. (Kushen in Chinese) ( Lei, Liu, Zhao, Hou, & Wang, 2020 ), P. ginseng ( Tong, Liu, Liu, Xia, & Zhu, 2021 ), Cut Chrysanthemum ( Wang et al, 2022 , Wang et al, 2022 , Wang et al, 2022 , Wang et al, 2022 , Wang et al, 2022 ) and other rhizosphere bacteria showed a decayed pattern with time under the influence of culture year, while the pathogenic fungal communities were enriched.…”

“…Stenotrophomonas enrichment in the A. membranaceus rhizosphere can produce substances that regulate plant growth and promote the accumulation of bioactive ingredients, thereby promoting the growth of A. membranaceus and secretion of metabolites. The root exudates can in turn support the growth of Stenotrophomonas in the rhizosphere, thereby increasing the content of astragaloside ( Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 ).…”

“…In addition, rhizosphere microbial interactions can also promote the absorption of heavy metals by plants, and a micro-marker group could be established to monitor the safety of medicinal plants ( Middleton, Yergeau, Monard, Combier, & Amrani, 2020 ). For example, the co-colonization of biocontrol microorganisms Fusarium flocciferum and Delftia acidovorans in the rhizosphere of P. notoginseng resulted in an increase of As concentration in the roots of P. notoginseng ( Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 ), which may increase the potential risk of phytomedicine products.…”

“…Therefore, rhizosphere microbes, as indispensable booster for the growth of medicinal plants, have the potential to be used as reasonable indicators in the quality evaluation of medicinal plants. In addition, with the development of molecular biology and omics technologies in recent years ( Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 , Li et al, 2021 ), there is much progress in the research methods ( Guo, Liu, Tang, Chen, & Pei, 2017 ), influencing factors ( Xun, Shao, Shen, & Zhang, 2021 ) and interactions between medicinal plants and rhizosphere microbes ( Xiao et al, 2013 , Zhu et al, 2021 ). Accordingly, the upsurge of new technologies and the actual production requirements provide the basis for the establishment of rhizosphere microbial markers (micro-markers) of medicinal plants.…”

Quality Assessment and Classification of Codonopsis Radix Based on Fingerprints and Chemometrics

“…These results demonstrated a large difference in the accumulations of 13 marker compounds (peaks 13,5,6,10,26,21,16,20,23,22,14,19,8) in different origins. We also analyzed the 16 marker compounds (peaks 22,27,19,7,12,21,5,26,9,4,1,28,8,6,24,17) in CR from different storage time and kneading processing (Figure 9B). The contents of the 16 marker compounds were extremely high in K0Y samples, indicating that CR was of good quality after kneading.…”