Pebble morphometric analysis as signatures of the fluvial depositional environment of the Katberg Formation near Kwerela River around East London, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Madi, Kakaba; Ndlazi, Nondumiso Zandile

doi:10.1007/s12517-020-5189-z

Cited by 2 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The current study demonstrated some similarities in the textural characteristics of the modern sediments with those used by these authors (e.g. Visher, 1967;Friedman, 1967;Moiola and Weiser, 1968). According to Friedman and Sanders (1978) and Selley (2000), the poorly sorted and the moderately-sorted sediments depicted sedimentation in a fluviatile environment.…”

Section: Sedimentary Environmentssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The flatness ratio (S/L) ranges from 0.32 to 0.54, with an average of 0.50. Over 90% of the flatness ratio is more significant than 0.45 (see Supplementary Materials B), suggesting a fluvial environment (Madi and Ndlazi, 2020). The elongation ratio (I/L) varies from 0.47 to 0.77 (average of 0.7).…”

Section: Pebble Morphometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Textural characteristics of stream sediments can be applied to predict sedimentary processes involved in sediment transport (Mycielska-Dowgiallo and Ludwikows-Kẹdzia, 2011; Saha et al, 2019). Many authors, while attempting the reconstruction of a palaeoenvironment for ancient sediments, have often used modern sediments from both rivers and beaches (Sames, 1966;Friedman, 1961;1967;Moiola and Weiser, 1968;Visher, 1969; Mycielska-Dowgiallo and Ludwikows-Kẹdzia, 2011; Adiotomre et al, 2021). They were able to establish a correlation between the products of both modern and ancient environments.…”

Section: Its Importance May Span From An Economic Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bivariate plots of mean size versus sorting (Tanner, 1991), median size against sorting (after (Stewart, 1958; Moiola and Weiser, 1968), and mean size (M z ) versus sorting (Friedman, 1961;1967;Moiola and Weiser, 1968) were used for the diagnosis and reconstruction of the sedimentary environments and transportation modes of the sediments. Tanner (1991) proposed a bivariate plot of mean size versus sorting to decipher sedimentary environments (fields) such as fluvial and stream episode,…”

Section: Bivariate Plots and Sedimentary Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluvial facies in the rock record are numerous and have played host to hydrocarbons and water as they have served as significant hydrocarbon reservoirs and aquifers, respectively. Significantly, modern river systems are well-studied to better our understanding of how ancient fluvial facies operated (Sames, 1966;Friedman, 1961;1967;Moiola and Weiser, 1968;Visher, 1969;Zhang et al, 2020;Adiotomre et al, 2021;Dill et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluvial Sedimentology of the River Ethiope Sediments, Niger Delta, Southern Nigeria

ETOBRO,

Ejeh,

Ovwamuedo

2024

MGPB

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Despite modern advances in the study of rivers globally, there remains a plethora of work to be done especially in the area of fluvial sedimentology of some present-day river systems. Previous studies on fluvial sedimentology of the sediments of the river Ethiope (in southern Nigeria) are meagre. Grain size analytical methods are indispensable to infer siliciclastic sediments' hydrodynamic conditions, transportation mode(s), and sedimentary environments. Twenty-eight samples (n=28) of the river Ethiope sediments were selected and studied using granulometric analyses (mechanical sieving and pebble morphometric methods). The granulometric analyses results revealed that the obtained sediments were comprised of 82.75% sand, 9.33% gravel, and 7.92% mud. A ternary diagram of sand-gravel-mud shows the sediments are mainly gravelly sand, with few indicating slightly gravelly sand, gravelly muddy sand, muddy sand, and sandy gravel. The grain size statistical analysis shows that the river Ethiope sediments consist of medium to coarse, poorly-sorted to moderately well-sorted, strongly coarse skewed to strongly fine skewed, and very platykurtic to extremely leptokurtic sands. The pebble morphometric analysis revealed that the pebbles range in shape from bladed (B) 22%, compact-bladed (CB) 17%, compact (C) 16%, compact-platy (CP) 16%, compact-elongated (CE) 12%, platy (P) 5%, to elongated (E) 5%. The integration of bivariate plots, ternary diagrams, and C-M patterns plotted for the sediments of the river Ethiope indicated a fluvial environment with sediments characterised by low to moderately high energy that transport sediments of different sizes and grades through saltation, traction, and suspension modes. This study also confirms that sediment transport modes such as saltation, traction, and suspension typify river environments. In general, the existing sedimentologic models derived from grain size analysis of sediments and pebble morphometric methods obtained from modern-day rivers can be applied to better understand transport modes, sedimentary processes, and palaeoenvironments of their ancient counterparts.

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Section: Sedimentary Environmentssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Pebble Morphometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Its Importance May Span From An Economic Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bivariate Plots and Sedimentary Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluvial Sedimentology of the River Ethiope Sediments, Niger Delta, Southern Nigeria

ETOBRO,

Ejeh,

Ovwamuedo

2024

MGPB

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Morphometric analysis of pebbles in verification of transport processes and interpretation of palaeoenvironment: A case study from the Ogwashi Formation (Oligocene), Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria

Ogbe,

Osokpor,

Emelue

et al. 2023

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The present paper discusses a palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Oligocene Ogwashi Formation (Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria) through morphometric analysis of pebbles, a research method essentially depending on the quantitative evaluation of pebble size and shape which change during transport processes in a range of depositional environments. The relationship of bivariate and ternary-diagram plots of independent functions was determined from freshly exposed sandstone sections in quarries at Ibusa, near Asaba, Nigeria. The grain size of pebbles ranges from fine (11.00 mm) to very coarse (41.33 mm), with a mean size of 21.05 mm (coarse pebbles). A bivariate plot of the flatness index vs maximum projection sphericity index shows 37% of the pebbles to fall within a beach (marine) environment, and 33% within a fluvial environment; the remaining 30% are uncertain. The maximum projection sphericity index vs oblate-prolate index bivariate plot indicates that 47% of pebbles fall within a marine environment and 22% within a fluvial environment, while the remaining 31% are uncertain. The sphericity-form ternary diagram plot shows that the pebbles primarily comprise bladed, platy, very bladed and very platy of near-equal proportions with minor elongate and very elongate stones, which suggests that the pebbles are diverse in origin. The sphericity-form bivariate plot indicates that the pebbles are largely of disc and blade shapes with a minor number of spherical and rod shapes. The near-equal proportion of pebbles in different segments of the bivariate and ternary diagram plots, and the wide distribution of the pebble grain sizes and shapes suggest the Ogwashi Formation is composed of redeposited sediments that likely were transported and deposited in a mix of marine and fluvial settings with possible transitional environments. In other words, the pebbles can be interpreted as marine-influenced fluvial sediments in marginal-marine settings.

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Pebble morphometric analysis as signatures of the fluvial depositional environment of the Katberg Formation near Kwerela River around East London, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Fluvial Sedimentology of the River Ethiope Sediments, Niger Delta, Southern Nigeria

Fluvial Sedimentology of the River Ethiope Sediments, Niger Delta, Southern Nigeria

Morphometric analysis of pebbles in verification of transport processes and interpretation of palaeoenvironment: A case study from the Ogwashi Formation (Oligocene), Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria

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