PEG400 novel phase description in water

Rheology and Structure of Cornstarch Suspensions in Water-Poly(propylene glycol) Mixtures

“…PPGs are known to be less active at the water surface than their higher m.w. counterparts, [19] the surface tension of PPG/water mixtures approaches the PPG value for φ PPG > 0.2, the results being in good agreement 15 with available low φ PPG literature data, [20] and are well described by Eq. (3) developed for aqueous-organic mixtures by Connors and Wright; [21] in the present system, γ amylose and amylopectin.…”

“…50 wt% CS suspensions were identified as being suitable for study since lower concentrations were too fluid for useful measurements to be made at low φ PPG , while 20 higher CS concentrations were too viscous for higher φ PPG . The suspensions were prepared by vigorously hand mixing equal weights (typically 15-20 g) of CS and the different PPG/water mixtures using a spatula, until a visually uniform product was obtained.…”

“…[25] The isoelectric point, pH iep , of the CS used in this study was found to be 2.6, indicating that the particles will be negatively charged when dispersed in water. By way of comparison, the pH iep for wheat starch in water has been reported to be 3.7, [15] the corresponding zeta potential at pH 6 and above being ≈-30 mV, which was ascribed to 20 ionisation equilibria involving surface proteins and phospholipids.…”

“…[13] It is also well known that changes in the dielectric constant of mixed aqueous/organic media produce associated effects on the dispersion force and the composition of the electric double layer. [29] Seebergh and Berg summarise the main effects for particle-particle interactions based on alcohol/water mixtures, [30] and even though we have used a more 20 hydrophobic cosolvent, some features are relevant to the present study: in alcohol/water mixtures has been correlated with a reduction in stability of some colloidal systems.…”

“…10 During the past few years a number of potential applications of shear thickening fluids have been identified, including impact-absorbing products, ranging from sportswear, where mild shear thickening responses are appropriate, [3] to flexible armour that can withstand knife or bullet penetration; [4] oilfield-related applications, such as gravel packing, [5] drill cuttings removal [6] and conformance control agents; [7] oral care products [8] and household [9] 15 cleansing compositions which thicken under stress; and mechanical transmission systems, such as a braking mechanism for restricting the speed of revolving doors. [10] The present investigation was in part inspired by the increasing diversity of applications as well as the recent analysis by Brown et al [11] which explored the relationship between different rheological responses exhibited by concentrated suspensions, for example treating 20 shear thickening and yield stress as competing effects, which emphasises the respective predominance of repulsive and attractive inter-particle interactions.…”