PEM Fuel Cells: Modeling

Secanell, Marc; Jarauta, Alex; Kosakian, Aslan; Sabharwal, Mayank; Zhou, Jie

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7789-5_1019

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 427 publications

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“…We consider to maximize the voltage generated by the cell according to the polarization curve, then this problem is equivalent to minimize the difference of an ideal voltage to the actual voltage delivered by the numerical simulation, see Figure 3, thus, the second optimization problem is in Equation (16).…”

Section: Performance Maximization Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mathematical modeling of PEMFC, often, the proposals privileged simple and intuitive governing equations to implement numerical modeling software [16], as a consequence of the simplicity, there is a possible pay-off to the application scope of the models. In the macro-homogeneous model, the applicability is limited by numerical instabilities when solving the differential equations associated with the modeling, that is, as the current densities grow, the solution profiles abruptly change its gradient in a small region, reaching a behavior similar to singular perturbed differential equations [17], thus this model is precisely used in PEMFC for medium current densities, where the ohmic losses occur.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig.9 a) Comparative plots of the performance optimization with Equation(16). The closer to E 0 (horizontal line) a curve is, the best performance the cell has.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Design optimization and parameter estimation of a PEMFC using nature-inspired algorithms

2022

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Numerical simulation of a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) requires an adequate model and precise parameters for reproducing their operational performance quantified by the polarization curve. Bio-inspired algorithms are well-suited for estimating unknown parameters; nevertheless, the simulator is stressed by inputting thousands of randomly-generated parameters. As a consequence, they require a robust numerical model. Once the model with the proper parameters reproduces the experimental data, it is applicable for optimizing the PEMFC. This article proposes a reformulation of a macro-homogeneous mathematical model by analyzing its relation with singularly perturbed differential equations to provide higher numerical stability to the solutions. This formulation introduces a boundary value problem instead of the usual initial value problem. Hence, we propose an assembly of the proper numerical methods for solving this version of the problem. Then, we introduce optimization problems for parameter estimation and design optimization; three bio-inspired algorithms solve the first. The most consistent of them is applied to optimize the PEMFC design by maximizing its performance or minimizing the platinum mass loading, highly related to the cost. To the best of our knowledge, there is no other research for optimizing the cell design, neither its performance nor its cost, using numerical simulation and optimization. The results are validated as follows: a) Comparing experimental polarization curves with the simulation with the parameters estimated by bio-inspired algorithms. b) Comparing a base design's performance with the optimized for maximum performance, and c) comparing a base design with the optimized for minimum platinum mass loading.

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Section: Performance Maximization Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Design optimization and parameter estimation of a PEMFC using nature-inspired algorithms

2022

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“…Work on modeling the fuel cell stack can be divided into two groups. The first includes works that present models designed to optimize stack parameters according to goal functions such as: minimizing construction costs, maximizing current density [1,4,6,15,27,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The method of determining PEMFC fuel cell stack performance decrease rate based on the voltage-current charact eristic shift

Ceran¹,

Orłowska²,

Krochmalny³

2020

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność – Maintenance and Reliability

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The article presents mathematical model designed to estimate the rate of performance decrease in fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack performance decrease rate is determined on the basis of stack average voltage measurements. The proposed model is used to determine power curve as well as exploitation indicators of fuel cell stack with a nominal power of 50 kW after 14 000 hours of continuous operation. The model is also used to determine the average voltage drop for the eleven-year fuel cell stack with a nominal power of 1,2 kW. In both studies, the values of exploitation indicators as well as their differences in relation to nominal values are determined.

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“…[11][12][13][14][15] Percolation tests led to a better understanding of the water transport mechanisms in the GDLs based on the capillary phenomena. 16,17 Based on those experimental investigations, diverse models, including the pore network model developed by Médici and Allen, [18][19][20][21] offered an accurate prediction of liquid water distribution within the GDLs: see literature reviews 22,23 and references therein. All these studies have provided useful information to improve water management issues.…”

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confidence: 99%

Capillary Penetration Method for Measuring Wetting Properties of Carbon Ionomer Films for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Applications

Abbou¹,

Tajiri²,

Alofari³

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this work, capillary rise experiments were performed to assess the wetting properties of carbon-ionomer (CI) films. The samples were attached to a micro-balance and then immersed into liquid water to (i) measure the mass gain from the liquid uptake and (ii) estimate the (external) contact angle to water (typical value around 140°). The results showed that drying the CI films under low vacuum significantly impacted the CI film wettability. The influence of the ionomer content on the CI films' wettability was investigated with various ionomer to carbon (I/C) ratios: 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4. No significant variation of the contact angle to water extracted from the capillary rise experiment was measured. However, water uptake increased with the I/C ratio suggesting a more hydrophilic behavior. This observation was in good agreement with the measurement from the sessile drop method showing a slight decrease of the contact angle to water: from 155°for an I/C of 0.8 to 135°for I/C = 1.4.

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PEM Fuel Cells: Modeling

Cited by 7 publications

References 427 publications

Design optimization and parameter estimation of a PEMFC using nature-inspired algorithms

Design optimization and parameter estimation of a PEMFC using nature-inspired algorithms

The method of determining PEMFC fuel cell stack performance decrease rate based on the voltage-current charact eristic shift

Capillary Penetration Method for Measuring Wetting Properties of Carbon Ionomer Films for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Applications

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