Penetration Depth of Sodium Hypochlorite in Dentinal Tubules after Conventional Irrigation, Passive Ultrasonic Agitation and Nd:YAG Laser Activated Irrigation

Ghorbanzadeh, Abdollah; Aminsobhani, Mohsen; Sohrabi, K.; Chiniforush, Nasim; Sarvenaz, Ghafari; Shamshiri, Ahmad Reza; Noroozi, Niusha

doi:10.15171/jlms.2016.18

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The results of this study demonstrate that the tubular infiltration of NaOCl was considerably improved in all segments of the canal when irrigants were agitated with MDA, PUI or SI. Similar trends are present in other investigations that have made comparisons in irrigant penetration between CNI and any of the aforementioned agitation techniques (Ghorbanzadeh et al 2016, Faria et al 2019). This discrepancy could be attributed to the superior irrigant flow dynamics of the latter which help promote more intimate interactions between solutions and the internal surfaces of the root canal wall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This could negatively impact the prognosis of root canal treatment as enduring pathogens, which have been found residing at depths of up to 420 µm in human dentine (Love 1996, Kakoli et al 2009), may later contribute to persistent periradicular disease (Siqueira & Rôças 2008). Deeper irrigant penetration is therefore desirable as some ex vivo experiments have demonstrated CNI only allows NaOCl infiltration up to 250 µm into root dentine (Ghorbanzadeh et al 2016, Faria et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of irrigant activation, concentration and contact time on sodium hypochlorite penetration into root dentine: an ex vivo experiment

et al. 2020

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Aim To establish whether irrigant activation techniques, namely manual dynamic activation (MDA), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and sonic irrigation (SI), improve the tubular penetration of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) into root dentine when compared with conventional needle irrigation (CNI). Secondly, investigate if increasing NaOCl concentration and/or contact time improves the performance of these techniques. Methodology A total of 83 extracted human maxillary permanent canines were decoronated to 15 mm, and root canals prepared to a size 40, .10 taper. Root dentine was stained with crystal violet for 72 h and embedded in silicone. Eighty specimens were randomly distributed into 16 groups (n = 5) according to the irrigant activation technique, NaOCl concentration (2%; 5.25%) and irrigant contact time (10 min; 20 min). All activation techniques were used for 60 s in the last minute of irrigation. Additionally, three teeth were not exposed to NaOCl to confirm adequate dentine staining had occurred (i.e. negative control). All specimens were subsequently dissected, observed under a light microscope and NaOCl penetration depth (µm) determined by measuring the average width of bleached dentine using ImageJ software. Statistical comparisons were made with paired and unpaired t‐tests, anovas followed by post hoc Tukey’s and Dunnett’s tests, and a general linear model (α < 0.05). Results Overall, NaOCl penetration ranged from 38.8 to 411.0 µm with MDA, PUI and SI consistently resulting in significantly greater tubular infiltration than CNI (P < 0.05). The deepest measurements in the coronal, middle and apical segments were all recorded in the MDA; 5.25%; 20 min group and the least in the CNI; 2%; 10 min group. Increasing either irrigant concentration or contact time resulted in significantly greater NaOCl penetration depths for all techniques and segments of the canal (P < 0.05). However, when irrigant concentration and contact time were increased together, a significant interaction effect between these two independent variables was observed on overall NaOCl penetration (P < 0.05). Conclusions Agitating irrigants with MDA, PUI or SI, as well as using greater irrigant concentrations or contact times, potentiated NaOCl penetration into root dentine. However, longer durations of NaOCl exposure at lower concentrations resulted in similar depths of tubular penetration as those achieved at higher concentrations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of irrigant activation, concentration and contact time on sodium hypochlorite penetration into root dentine: an ex vivo experiment

et al. 2020

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“…Ghorbanzadeh et al 26 These authors state that with a suitable protocol for the removal of adhered detritus, the penetration of the irrigant in the dentinal tubules will be greater. It should be kept in mind that the apical third has the greatest impact on the result of endodontic treatment, given that it represents the communication route between the pulp cavity and the periapical tissues.…”

Section: % Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sonic versus ultrasonic activation on aqueous solution penetration in root canal dentin.

2018

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The aim of this study was to observe the penetration of an aqueous solution into the root canal dentin under sonic activation and ultrasonic activation. Materials and Method: This study consisted of experimental in vitro research. In order to achieve a closed system, the apex of 45 single-rooted teeth was sealed with wax. The step-back technique was manually performed using a K50 apical master file and 3 groups were organized according to the protocol of the final irrigant activation: Group I: non-activated Chinese ink for 30 seconds, Group II: Chinese ink sonically activated with EndoActivator for 30 seconds, and Group III: Chinese ink ultrasonically activated with Varios 350 equipment for 30 seconds. Teeth were sectioned longitudinally, and the samples obtained were observed under a stereomicroscope at 1X magnification in order to be photographed and scanned to calculate the penetration area using the Image J software. The tinted radicular area was evaluated in relation to the total area of the root dentin. The Tukey's post-hoc test and ANOVA were used for the statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results: Group I and II obtained 9.13% and 9.42% penetration respectively, while in group III the highest degree of dye infiltration was achieved (13.9%), being statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: Ultrasonic activation produced a significantly higher penetration of the dye when compared to conventional activation and sonic activation.

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“…Mechanical instrumentation partially removes infected tissue from the entrance of lateral canals. The efficiency of irrigants is dependent on various factors including the irrigation mechanism, root canal structures, contact potential with substances and penetration depth in the main and lateral canals (5). For this reason, the use of irrigants is important for the removal of bacteria and organic tissue remnants from uninstrumented surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of different irrigation methods on dentinal tubule penetration of Chlorhexidine, QMix and Irritrol: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study

Küçük

Basmacı

2018

Aust Endodontic J

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The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the percentage of penetration of three final irrigant into the dentinal tubules after application of several irrigation techniques. Mandibular premolars were divided into nine groups (n:10): chlorhexidine (CHX) + conventional syringe irrigation (CI), CHX + EndoActivator (SI), CHX + Er,Cr:YSGG laser (LAI), QMix + CI, QMix + SI, QMix + LAI, Irritrol + CI, Irritrol + SI and Irritrol + LAI. Following irrigation, all roots were horizontally sectioned at 2 mm and 5 mm from the apex and examined using a confocal laser scanning microscopy. QMix exhibited a significantly higher penetration percentage than CHX at the apical section (P < 0.05). In the Irritrol group, SI displayed a significantly higher penetration area than CI in the middle section. Statistically significant differences were also determined between middle and apical section (P < 0.05). Use of QMix with different agitation technique seems advantageous in dentinal tubule penetration.

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Penetration Depth of Sodium Hypochlorite in Dentinal Tubules after Conventional Irrigation, Passive Ultrasonic Agitation and Nd:YAG Laser Activated Irrigation

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

The influence of irrigant activation, concentration and contact time on sodium hypochlorite penetration into root dentine: an ex vivo experiment

The influence of irrigant activation, concentration and contact time on sodium hypochlorite penetration into root dentine: an ex vivo experiment

Effect of sonic versus ultrasonic activation on aqueous solution penetration in root canal dentin.

Efficacy of different irrigation methods on dentinal tubule penetration of Chlorhexidine, QMix and Irritrol: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study

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