Penicillium marneffei: Another Pathogen to Consider in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Tsang, Dominic N.C.; Li, P. C. K.; Tsui, Man-Shan; Lau, YL; F., K.; Yeoh, Eng‐Kiong

doi:10.1093/clinids/13.4.766-a

Cited by 50 publications

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“…Although less frequent, infections in immunocompetent persons have also been reported (12,27). Infection with P. marneffei has emerged in the past decade as an important public health problem in Southeast Asia, where the infection often serves as an indicator disease for HIV (43,45,52). P. marneffei is a facultative intracellular pathogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nucleotide Sequence-Based Analysis for Determining the Molecular Epidemiology of Penicillium marneffei

Lasker

2006

J Clin Microbiol

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Nucleotide Sequence-Based Analysis for Determining the Molecular Epidemiology of Penicillium marneffei

Lasker

2006

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Penicilliosis marneffei has been recognized with increasing frequency in Southeast Asia and Southern China (15,19,20). P. marneffei infection has become the third most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients in Southeast Asia (17,22).…”

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In Vitro Antifungal-Drug Susceptibilities of Mycelial and Yeast Forms of Penicillium marneffei Isolates in Cambodia

et al. 2006

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Penicillium marneffei infection is an important disease among human immunodeficiency virus patients inPenicillium marneffei, the only known dimorphic species in the genus Penicillium, was first isolated from an organ of a bamboo rat (Rhizomyces sinensis or Rhizomyces pruinosis) (2). Penicilliosis marneffei has been recognized with increasing frequency in Southeast Asia and Southern China (15,19,20). P. marneffei infection has become the third most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients in Southeast Asia (17,22). Penicilliosis marneffei was first reported in Cambodia in 2002 (1). We report in vitro susceptibility test results, as determined using Etest strips, for P. marneffei isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who presented with disseminated P. marneffei infections. We include the susceptibility test results for P. marneffei isolates from the organs of bamboo rats. Our study is the first from Cambodia to report in vitro susceptibilities of clinical and bamboo rat isolates of P. marneffei to antifungal agents.P. marneffei was isolated from 29 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients seen at Preah Bat Norodom Sihanouk Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from 2002 to 2004. Thirteen P. marneffei isolates were isolated from blood, 12 from skin biopsy specimens, and 4 from respiratory specimens. In all cases, only one specimen type was submitted to the laboratory. Bamboo rats (Rhizomyces pruinosus) were captured in the Mondulkiri province of Cambodia. Five isolates of P. marneffei were isolated from the lungs of 10 bamboo rats. P. marneffei was identified by the appearance of the fungal colonies on Sabouraud dextrose agar at 25°C and by microscopic examination (9).One-week-old slant cultures of the mycelial form on Sabouraud dextrose agar, grown at 25°C, were flooded with deionized distilled water (10 ml/slant), and each slant was scraped with a sterile inoculation wire loop. The suspension of mycelial fragments and conidia was transferred to a glass grinder. After the grinding, a homogenous suspension was adjusted to 1 McFarland standard (11,14). To obtain inocula of the yeast form, brain heart infusion broth (Difco) was inoculated with a fungal suspension prepared from 7-dayold slant cultures. The inoculated brain heart infusion flasks were placed on a water bath shaker (150 rpm) and incubated at 37°C for 7 days, yielding a uniform growth of yeast cells. After incubation, the broth cultures were centrifuged at 15,000 ϫ g for 20 min (4°C). After the broth was discarded, the sediment was washed three times successively with sterile deionized distilled water. The washed yeast cells were suspended in deionized distilled water and adjusted to 1 McFarland standard. Etest strips (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) containing amphotericin B (AMB) (0.002 to 32 g/ml), flucytosine (5FC) (0.002 to 32 g/ml), fluconazole (FLC) (0.016 to 256 g/ml), itraconazole (ITC) (0.002 to 32 g/ ml), and ketoconazole (KTC) (0.002 to 32 g/ml) were used to determine the MICs according to the manufacturer's instructio...

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“…It is one of the commonest opportunistic infections among AIDS patients in areas of endemicity and is considered an indicator disease for AIDS (8,14). The clinical manifestations of penicilliosis in AIDS patients have been well described, whereas reports that have described penicilliosis in non-AIDS patients are limited.…”

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Differences in Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostic Characteristics of Penicilliosis Marneffei in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)- and Non-HIV-Infected Patients

Wong

Wong²,

Hui

et al. 2001

J Clin Microbiol

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We compared the clinical and laboratory features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- and non-HIV-infected patients with penicilliosis marneffei. HIV-infected patients had a higher incidence of fungemia. A total of 85.7% of the HIV-negative patients had underlying diseases including hematologic malignancies or had received therapy with corticosteroids or cytotoxic agents. By a Penicillium marneffei -specific mannoprotein Mp1p enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum antigen titers were found to be higher in HIV-positive patients, whereas serum antibody levels were found to be higher in HIV-negative patients.

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Penicillium marneffei: Another Pathogen to Consider in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Nucleotide Sequence-Based Analysis for Determining the Molecular Epidemiology of Penicillium marneffei

Nucleotide Sequence-Based Analysis for Determining the Molecular Epidemiology of Penicillium marneffei

In Vitro Antifungal-Drug Susceptibilities of Mycelial and Yeast Forms of Penicillium marneffei Isolates in Cambodia

Differences in Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostic Characteristics of Penicilliosis Marneffei in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)- and Non-HIV-Infected Patients

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