Penicillium simplicissimum and Trichoderma asperellum counteract the challenge of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat plants

Esmail, Samar M.; Draz, Ibrahim Sobhy; Saleem, Muhammad Hamzah; Elsharkawy, Mohsen Mohamed

doi:10.1186/s41938-022-00614-7

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The role of T. asperellum as antagonistic against different plant fungi pathogens such as A. solani (Ronnie-Gakegne and Martínez-Coca, 2018), Fusarium oxysporum (Hao et al, 2022, Rubio-Tinajero et al, 2022Sharma et al, 2022), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, A. solani, Phytophthora sphave (Sharma et al, 2022), Puccinia striiformis (Esmail et al, 2022) have been demonstrated. Alternaria comprise a group of species causing several damages on different plants, including apple trees, to which they can induce leaf blotch and fruit spot (Cabrefiga et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussion Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Trichoderma asperellum in apple trees as a growth regulator and antagonist for the control of Alternaria sp.

MADRID-MOLINA

Pérez-Álvarez

Escobedo-Bonilla

et al. 2023

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Chihuahua state is the main apple producer in Mexico. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma asperellum as a plant growth regulator and antagonist against Alternaria sp. Three treatments were used: T1 = control, T2 = 200 mL of T. asperellum per tree; T3 = 100 mL of T. asperellum per tree. Agronomic variables were evaluated including number of leaves, shoots and flowers, disease incidence, and trunk thickness. Alternaria sp. was isolated from apple leaves at the experimental site in Guerrero County, Chihuahua, Mexico, and it was grown on solid PDA medium for morphological characterization. The molecular characterization was done by PCR using primers ITS1 and ITS4 producing products of 700 bp which were sequenced, submitted to GenBank (acc. no. OQ344593) and used for further phylogenetic analysis through Bayesian inference approach. Three clades were identified and the polytome topography recovered from clade 2 indicates a high genetic similarity with A. tenuissima (100% similarity according to BLAST). The analysis of T. asperellum as growth regulator only showed significant differences in trunk thickness and displayed higher values with T3 (p≤0.05). The presence of A. tenuissima was only observed in the control, which indicated the ability of Trichoderma to control the fungus. In this study T. asperellum was not an efficient plant growth regulator, but it was a good antagonist, and hence it can be recommended to control A. tenuissima. This is the first record of A. tenuissima in apple trees in Mexico. These results indicate that T. asperellum showed no benefit as plant growth regulator when applied to apple trees of the ‘Granny Smith’ variety.

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Section: Discussion Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Trichoderma asperellum in apple trees as a growth regulator and antagonist for the control of Alternaria sp.

MADRID-MOLINA

Pérez-Álvarez

Escobedo-Bonilla

et al. 2023

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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“…Pst urediniospores and fungal hyphae engaged in competition for the entry site, while metabolites released by biological agents effectively impeded the growth of germ tubes. Moreover, the activation of PR protein genes may contribute to the development of resistance responses in inoculated plants [ 39 ]. In addition, two bioagents, P. fluorescence and B. subtilis , exhibited moderate effectiveness in controlling stripe rust, achieving reductions of 54.25% and 56.33%, respectively [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the Yr gene, responsible for yellow rust resistance, regulates defense-related genes. Transcriptomics research has identified multiple genes involved in seedling-stage resistance [ 39 , 48 ]. Previous studies have reported the existence of different resistance genes in wheat that confer resistance to SR, such as Yr5, Yr10, and Yr15 [ 46 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activation of PR protein genes is believed to contribute to the resistance response in plants upon pathogen inoculation [ 39 ]. Among these genes, PR1 is associated with pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance and is considered a marker for the salicylic acid (SA) pathway, which plays a vital role in enhancing plant defense [ 101 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PR3 and PR4 are endochitinases that target chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls, and their activity is crucial for wheat's defense against yellow rust [48,71]. The activation of pathogenesis-related protein genes, including PR1, PR2, PR3, and PR4, may play a role in reducing yellow rust disease severity [39].…”

Section: Antioxidant Enzyme Activity In Wheat-stripe Rust Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Effectiveness of Eco-Friendly Management Approaches for Controlling Wheat Yellow Rust and Their Impact on Antioxidant Enzymes

Zakaria

Atia

Ali

et al. 2023

Plants

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Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a destructive disease that causes significant yield losses in wheat production worldwide, including in Egypt. The use of biocontrol agents is among the best eco-friendly management strategies to control this disease, as they are more sustainable and environmentally friendly than traditional chemical control methods. In a comparative analysis, antioxidant enzyme activity and various management approaches were compared with two bacterial biocontrol agents, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida. This study showed the remarkable efficacy of endophytic bacteria, B. subtilis and P. putida, in mitigating wheat stripe rust infection across three wheat varieties, namely Misr1, Gimmeiza11, and Sids12. B. subtilis exhibited superior performance compared to P. putida, resulting in infection types of 1 and 2.66, respectively, following inoculation. The highest reduction rate was observed with Tilit fungicide (500 ppm), followed by B. subtilis and Salicylic acid (1000 ppm), respectively. Variations in wheat varieties’ response to Pst infection were observed, with Misr1 exhibiting the lowest infection and Sids12 showing high susceptibility. Among the tested inducers, Salicylic acid demonstrated the greatest reduction in disease infection, followed by Indole acetic acid, while Oxalic acid exhibited the lowest decrease. Additionally, the study evaluated the activities of five antioxidant enzymes, including Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POX), in the wheat-stripe rust interaction under different integrated management approaches. The wheat variety Misr1 treated with Tilit (500 ppm), B. subtilis, Salicylic acid, Montoro (500 ppm), and P. putida exhibited the highest increase in all enzymatic activities. These findings provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of B. subtilis and P. putida as biocontrol agents for wheat stripe rust control in Egypt, emphasizing their potential role in sustainable, integrated, and environmentally friendly management practices.

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Fungicide use intensity influences the soil microbiome and fungal disease suppressiveness in amenity turfgrass

Chou,

Patil,

Huo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Understanding the factors that facilitate disease suppressive soils will contribute to more sustainable plant protection practices. Disease suppressive soils have been documented in many economically important crops, but not in turfgrass, one of the most intensively managed plant systems in the United States. Dollar spot, caused by the fungus Clarireedia jacksonii, is the most economically important disease of managed turfgrass and has historically been controlled through intensive use of fungicides. However, previous anecdotal observations of lower dollar spot severity on golf courses with less intensive fungicide histories suggests that intensive fungicide usage may suppress microbial antagonism of pathogen activity. This study explored the suppressive activity of transplanted microbiomes against dollar spot from seven locations in the Midwestern U.S. and seven locations in the Northeastern U.S. with varying fungicide use histories. Creeping bentgrass was established in pots containing homogenized sterile potting mix and field soil and inoculated with C. jacksonii upon maturity. Bacterial and fungal communities of root-associated soil and phyllosphere were profiled with short-amplicon sequencing to investigate the microbial community associated with disease suppression. Results The results clearly showed that plants grown in the transplanted soil microbiome collected from sites with lower fungicide intensities exhibited reduced disease severity. Plant growth promoting and pathogen antagonistic microbes may be responsible for disease suppression, but further validation is required. Additional least squares regression analysis of the fungicides used at each location suggested that contact fungicides such as chlorothalonil and fluazinam had greater influence on the microbiome disease suppressiveness than penetrant fungicides. Potential organisms antagonistic to Clarireedia were identified in the subsequent amplicon sequencing analysis but further characterization and validation is required. Conclusion Given the current reliance on fungicides for plant disease control, this research provides new insights into potential non-target effects of repeated fungicide usage on disease suppressive soils. It also indicates that intensive fungicide usage can decrease the activity of beneficial soil microbes. The results from this study can be used to identify more sustainable disease management strategies for a variety of economically important and intensively managed pathosystems.

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Penicillium simplicissimum and Trichoderma asperellum counteract the challenge of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat plants

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Application of Trichoderma asperellum in apple trees as a growth regulator and antagonist for the control of Alternaria sp.

Application of Trichoderma asperellum in apple trees as a growth regulator and antagonist for the control of Alternaria sp.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Eco-Friendly Management Approaches for Controlling Wheat Yellow Rust and Their Impact on Antioxidant Enzymes

Fungicide use intensity influences the soil microbiome and fungal disease suppressiveness in amenity turfgrass

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