Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 attenuates disturbances induced by neuroleptics: the effect on catalepsy and gastric ulcers in mice and rats

Effective therapy of transected quadriceps muscle in rat: Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157

“…Here, unlike effects of standard growth factors with carrier(s) 14,15 (thereby, peptide þ carrier(s)-complex with considerable methodological/activity dilemmas 15 ), these special pentadecapeptide BPC 157 characteristics [i.e., its high stability (in human gastric juice 17 ), use without carrier [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]18,19 ] permit its functional, biomechanical, macroscopic, and microscopic effects [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]18,19 and exemplified mechanism(s) to be unmistakably attributed.…”

“…Likewise, although probably not directly related, pentadecapeptide BPC 157 significantly impacts the dopamine system also essential for muscle function, and it prevents/ reverses catalepsy or stereotypy due to central dopamine system failure induced by various procedures. 6 Also, pentadecapeptide BPC 157 protection of somatosensory neurons against capsaicin neurotoxicity 11 and improvement of sciatic nerve healing following anastomosis 5 are, along with the regeneration of the damaged intramuscular nerve branches, also essential for the healing of the functional muscular tissue after injury. 14 Thus, the muscle healing is within the framework of its healing effect.…”

“…Sham procedure used skin lesion only, and nonoperated healthy rats present an additional control (since not different, these data are not specifically shown). Medication (pentadecapeptide BPC 157 [manufactured by Diagen, Ljubljana, Slovenia, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]18,19 GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, M.W. 1419, partial sequence of human gastric juice protein BPC, peptide with 99% (HPLC), freely soluble in water at pH 7.0 and in saline] dissolved in saline (10 mg, 10 ng, or 10 pg/kg b.w.)…”

“…Therefore, an advantageously accelerated healing of transected Achilles tendon in rat 1,2 with a stable peptide, effective alone without carrier, gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, M.W. 1419, PL-10, PLD-116, PL 14736, Pliva, Croatia, in clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease, 3 ulcer, and wound treatment, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] no toxicity reported 3 ) could resolve unclear systemic peptide treatment of major muscle injury. Of note, like in tendon-healing, 13 muscle-healing with standard peptide (in)efficiency, 14 uncertain delivery, 15 besides carrier addition, 13,15 unable to deliver healing to an injured muscle, essentially restraints the systemic peptide treatment.…”

“…Mostly limited to direct local administration, standard peptide growth factors 14 elicit no full muscle recovery, but rather scar tissue accumulation, 14 even confronted with less severe injuries [besides, wound healing by transforming growth factor (TGF)-b given with carrier 16 contrasts with muscle healing attempts with antifibrotic agents, TGF-b1 inhibitors 14 ]. On the contrary, muscle-healing, not restricted to direct local peptide application, likely could be achieved with BPC 157: a stable agent (i.e., in otherwise highly degradating media, like in human gastric juice more than 24 h, unlike standard growth factors degrading within minutes 17 ) advantageously effective alone, given systemically, without carrier, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]18,19 with woundhealing treatment 1,2,5,7 -9 presents posttransection healing promptly and then maintains the healing along with full function restoration, 1 even tendonto-bone healing, 2 despite hypocellular, hypovascular, hyponeural conditions. 1 Besides, the potential upregulation of the growth factors, and other local factors, acting to mediate the growth and repair, was suggested (i.e., deep skin burns 7 ), and it acts even without a major source of growth factors, such as salivary gland.…”