Pentoxifylline Prevents Spontaneous Brain Ischemia in Stroke-Prone Rats

Abstract

Anti-inflammatory properties of pentoxifylline (PTX) have recently been described. Spontaneously hypertensive strokeprone rats (SHRSP) constitute an animal model that develops an inflammatory condition that precedes the appearance of brain abnormalities. The aim of the present investigation was to assess: 1) the efficacy of PTX treatment in protecting the neural system in SHRSP, and 2) how its anti-inflammatory properties might be involved in this effect. Male SHRSP fed with a permissive diet received no drug or PTX (100 or 200 mg/kg/day). Brain abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging developed spontaneously in control rats after 42 Ϯ 3 days, whereas in rats treated with 100 mg/kg/day PTX, abnormalities developed in only 80% of the animals and only after 70 to 80 days. Treatment with a higher dose of PTX (200 mg/kg/day) completely protected the brain from abnormal development.

Caffeine analogs: biomedical impact

“…Pentoxifylline and propentofylline (see Fig. 6) ameliorate brain ischemic effects in mice paradigms [127,128]. The anxiolytic effects of an extended-ring xanthine, containing an arylpiperazine moiety (see Fig.…”

Doin vivoExperimental Models Reflect Human Cerebral Small Vessel Disease? a Systematic Review

“…The ACE inhibitor enalapril, started after lesion detection on T2-weighted MRI, increased lifespan and reversed lesions (Blezer et al, 1998). Similarly, treatment with valsartan or with the antiinflammatory agent pentoxyfilline, started after early lesions were detected by proteinuria, delayed appearance of brain lesions on MRI and greatly increased survival (Banfi et al, 2004;Sironi et al, 2004a).…”

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Inflammatory Stress and Idiosyncratic Hepatotoxicity: Hints from Animal Models

“…Pentoxifylline is a methylxanthine that inhibits the synthesis of TNF␣ (Dezube et al, 1993;Yee et al, 2003a), but it also has several other pharmacological effects (Banfi et al, 2004). Etanercept is a dimeric fusion protein that contains a soluble TNF␣ receptor capable of selectively neutralizing TNF␣ in serum.…”