Perceived Difficulties Regarding HIV/AIDS Services among Public Health Nurses in the Kinki Region of Western Japan: Implications for Public Health Nursing Education in Japan

Abstract

Objective: To determine the perceived difficulties in providing HIV/AIDS services among public health nurses and to identify their correlates, we carried out a cross-sectional study in the Kinki region of western Japan. Methods: Structured self-administered questionnaires were distributed to all public health nurses in the region, and 1535 valid questionnaires were retrieved (valid response rate 78.7%). Results: More than half of the participants (52.8%) reported difficulties with HIV/AIDS services. The factors associated with perceived difficulties were having a negative attitude towards consultations on sexual matters (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.2, p < 0.001), a perceived lack of encounters with homosexual people and people with HIV/AIDS during practice (AOR 1.6, p = 0.002 and AOR 1.8, p < 0.001), poor knowledge of sexual diversity (AOR 2.0, p < 0.001), lack of training in sexual diversity in public health nursing education (AOR 1.4, p = 0.016), and low permissiveness of the diversity of sexual behavior (AOR 2.0, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest that nursing and public health nursing education in Japan should cover sexual issues and HIV/AIDS in a more systematic way.

Significações construídas por mulheres que engravidaram na adolescência sobre atividades de prevenção à gravidez desenvolvidas pela escola

“…São destacados como principais consequências da prática sexual desprotegida resultante em uma gravidez precoce: infecções por doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, aborto, trabalho de parto precoce, baixo peso do feto ao nascer, complicações neonatais, aumento na mortalidade infantil, além dos impactos à saúde mental das adolescentes e consequentemente de seus filhos (HIGA et al, 2015;FERRARO et al, 2013;NISHIMURA et al, 2017;PARIZ et al, 2012;HADLEY, 2018). Hadley (2018) aponta um aumento no risco de aproximadamente 20% no desenvolvimento de problemas de saúde mental de mães adolescentes após dois anos do parto.…”