Perceiving texture gradients on an electrostatic friction display

Klatzky, Roberta L.; Adkins, Sara; Bodas, Prachi; Osgouei, Reza Haghighi; Choi, Seungmoon; Tan, Hong Z.

doi:10.1109/whc.2017.7989893

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…With TeslaTouch project [1] that presented a capacitive transparent panel (Microtouch, 3M, USA) enabling variable friction on a touchscreen, the research interest in the electrovibration technology has recently been revived [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22]. A parallel research resulted in Tixel [23], an electrostatic film developed by Senseg, which targeted handheld devices and was used in several studies [24], [25], [26]. Some other researchers developed their own electrovibration display by stacking an insulator and an ITO layer on top of a glass plate [27], [28].…”

Section: Electrovibration Displaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Texture Modeling and Rendering on Electrovibration Display

Osgouei

Kim

Choi

2020

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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With the introduction of variable friction displays, either based on ultrasonic or electrovibration technology, new possibilities have emerged in haptic texture rendering on flat surfaces. In this work, we propose a data-driven method for realistic texture rendering on an electrovibration display. We first describe a motorized linear tribometer designed to collect lateral frictional forces from textured surfaces under various scanning velocities and normal forces. We then propose an inverse dynamics model of the display to describe its output-input relationship using nonlinear autoregressive neural networks with external input. Forces resulting from applying a pseudo-random binary signal to the display are used to train each network under the given experimental condition. In addition, we propose a two-step interpolation scheme to estimate actuation signals for arbitrary conditions under which no prior data have been collected. A comparison between real and virtual forces in the frequency domain shows promising results for recreating virtual textures similar to the real ones, also revealing the capabilities and limitations of the proposed method. We also conducted a human user study to compare the performance of our neural-network-based method with that of a record-and-playback method. The results showed that the similarity between the real and virtual textures generated by our approach was significantly higher.

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Section: Electrovibration Displaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Texture Modeling and Rendering on Electrovibration Display

Osgouei

Kim

Choi

2020

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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“…Senseg later introduced a short-lived commercial product called Feelscreen, a 7″ Android tablet overlaid with Tixel, into the market between 2014 and 2016. Feelscreen has been used in several projects such as 3D shape rendering [25], texture gradients [26], and visual and haptic latency [27]. At the moment, Tanvas [28], a startup company in the USA, is commercializing similar products but on a larger 10″ tablet with some improvements such as generating stronger friction forces and not requiring an external power supply.…”

Section: Electrovibration Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic Friction Displays to Enhance Touchscreen Experience

Osgouei¹

2020

Modern Applications of Electrostatics and Dielectrics

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Touchscreens are versatile devices that can display visual content and receive touch input, but they lack the ability to provide programmable tactile feedback. This limitation has been addressed by a few approaches generally called surface haptics technology. This technology modulates the friction between a user's fingertip and a touchscreen surface to create different tactile sensations when the finger explores the touchscreen. This functionality enables the user to see and feel digital content simultaneously, leading to improved usability and user experiences. One major approach in surface haptics relies on the electrostatic force induced between the finger and an insulating surface on the touchscreen by supplying high AC voltage. The use of AC also induces a vibrational sensation called electrovibration to the user. Electrostatic friction displays require only electrical components and provide uniform friction over the screen. This tactile feedback technology not only allows easy and lightweight integration into touchscreen devices but also provides dynamic, rich, and satisfactory user interfaces. In this chapter, we review the fundamental operation of the electrovibration technology as well as applications have been built upon.

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“…Until recently, studies were primarily focusing on the threshold for perceiving the changes in the intensity of the frictional force induced by either ultrasonic lubrication [9]- [11] or electrovibration [12]. However, the frictional gradient of friction-based textures is perceptually salient [13] and the rate of change in the lateral force has been shown to affect the perceived intensity of periodic modulations of friction with the same amplitude [14] as well as the perceptual threshold for rising and falling frictional steps [15]. The duration of a tactile signal can also have strong perceptual effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Perception of Ultrasonic Square Reductions of Friction With Variable Sharpness and Duration

Gueorguiev

Vezzoli

Sednaoui

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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The human perception of square ultrasonic modulation of the finger-surface friction was investigated during active tactile exploration by using short frictional cues of varying duration and sharpness. In a first experiment, we asked participants to discriminate the transition time and duration of short square ultrasonic reductions of friction. They proved very sensitive to discriminate millisecond differences in these two parameters with the average psychophysical thresholds being 2.3-2.4 ms for both parameters. A second experiment focused on the perception of square friction reductions with variable transition times and durations. We found that for durations of the stimulation larger than 90 ms, participants often perceived three or four edges when only two stimulations were presented while they consistently felt two edges for signals shorter than 50 ms. A subsequent analysis of the contact forces induced by these ultrasonic stimulations during slow and fast active exploration showed that two identical consecutive ultrasonic pulses can induce significantly different frictional dynamics especially during fast motion of the finger. These results confirm the human sensitivity to transient frictional cues and suggest that the human perception of square reductions of friction can depend on their sharpness and duration as well as on the speed of exploration.

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Perceiving texture gradients on an electrostatic friction display

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Data-Driven Texture Modeling and Rendering on Electrovibration Display

Data-Driven Texture Modeling and Rendering on Electrovibration Display

Electrostatic Friction Displays to Enhance Touchscreen Experience

The Perception of Ultrasonic Square Reductions of Friction With Variable Sharpness and Duration

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