Perceptions of Using Instant Messaging Apps for Alcohol Reduction Intervention Among University Student Drinkers: Semistructured Interview Study With Chinese University Students in Hong Kong (Preprint)

Abstract

BACKGROUND Mobile instant messaging (IM) apps (e.g., WhatsApp and WeChat) were widely used by population and provided an inexpensive alternative for text-based programs (short message service, SMS) to modify adverse lifestyle. Little is known about IM apps use for health promotion, including alcohol reduction for university students. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore university student drinkers’ perceptions of using IM apps for alcohol reduction as they had high alcohol exposure and proportion of IM apps use in Hong Kong. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted. 20 Hong Kong Chinese university students (current drinker) were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structure individual interviews were conducted from September to October 2019. Each interview lasted around an hour. All interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Two researchers independently analyzed the transcripts using thematic analysis with an additional investigator to verify the consistency of the coding. RESULTS Participants considered IM app as a feasible and acceptable platform for providing alcohol reduction intervention. They preferred to receive instant messages based on personalized problem-solving and drinking consequence with credible sources for the IM intervention. Other perceived important components of instant messages included providing psycho-social support in time and setting goals with participants to reduce drinking. They further provided suggestions on the designs of the IM intervention, which they preferred simple and concise messages, chat styles based on participants’ preferences (e.g., personalized emoji and stickers), and peer as counsellors. CONCLUSIONS IM intervention can be an alternative for providing alcohol reduction intervention apart from text-based program. The findings may inform the development of the IM intervention for other adverse health behaviors in future.