Percutaneous external jugular vein catheterization in piglets using a triangulation technique

Abstract

Chronic jugular vein or central venous cannulation is routinely performed in human and animal patients for access to blood circulation. In mature swine, chronic catheter placement techniques have typically involved venous isolation via extensive cutdown, blunt dissection and manipulation of ventral neck tissues prior to catheter placement. More recently, guide-wireassisted percutaneous techniques have become standard practice in human and veterinary medicine due to the minimization of soft tissue and vessel damages. Laboratory animal piglets are becoming more popular research models because of their immature immunological system, ease of handling and costs. However, external jugular veins are very difficult to catheterize in paediatric animals including freshly weaned piglets. The objective of this study was to develop a simple, safe and efficient method for external jugular vein cannulation in young piglets. In total, 20 piglets were anaesthetized and percutaneously catheterized with a guide-wire technique using palpable anatomical landmarks and triangulation. With this minimally invasive catheterization, it has allowed our veterinarians and veterinary technicians to quickly and easily obtain central venous access in piglets undergoing operative procedures.

Delayed LY333013 (Oral) and LY315920 (Intravenous) Reverse Severe Neurotoxicity and Rescue Juvenile Pigs from Lethal Doses of Micrurus fulvius (Eastern Coral Snake) Venom

“…A triangle was visualized utilizing the caudal ramus of the mandible, the lateral manubrium and medial portion of the point of the shoulder and was sterilely prepared. Initially, catheters were blindly placed utilizing these landmarks and based on the procedure described by Fluornoy and Mani [ 53 ]. However, ultrasound guidance proved to increase the efficiency and safety of the procedure and so was employed.…”

Comparative Plasma and Interstitial Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Meloxicam, Flunixin, and Ketoprofen in Neonatal Piglets

“…An indwelling jugular catheter (22 Ga, 10 cm small animal long term venous catheterization kit, MILA International, Inc., Florence, KY, USA) was used for collection of blood samples. The catheter was placed percutaneously in the jugular vein using a Seldinger technique similar to previously described Flournoy and Mani (29). The catheter was sutured to the skin near the entry point and covered with a small piece of foam to protect the catheter.…”

Ultrasound-guided vessel catheterization in adult Yorkshire cross-bred pigs

“…Previous publications have described percutaneous catheterization techniques in young, small (<20 kg) pigs (Carroll et al 1999;Fudge et al 2002;Flournoy & Mani 2009). Successful catheterization of the external jugular vein and internal carotid artery using US guidance has been described in 14-to 18-week-old, 51.1 AE 4.3 kg Pietrain pigs (Brederlau et al 2008).…”

“…Previous studies describe several nonsurgical techniques used for central venous catheterization in young pigs weighing <20 kg (Carroll et al 1999;Fudge et al 2002;Flournoy & Mani 2009). In larger pigs, catheterization of central veins is often performed by surgical exposure of the vessels.…”